Mecanismos de resistencia Flashcards

1
Q

Tipos de betalactamasas (Clasificación Ambler)

A

A:
- B lactamasas comunes (TEM, SHV)
- BLEE (TEM, SHV, CTX-M)
- carbapenemasas (KPC)

B: Metalo-b-lactamasas (VIM, IMP, DNM)

C: (AmpC)

D: carbapenemasas (OXA)

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2
Q

Resistencia en B lactamasas comunes

A

Resistente:
- penicilinas
- cefalo 1era

Opciones:
- cefalo 3ra
- inhibidores bectalactamasa

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3
Q

Resistencia BLEE

A

Resistente:
- penicilinas
- cefalosporinas

Opciones:
- carbapenémicos
- Pipe/tazo

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4
Q

Resistencia carbapenemasas

A

Resistente:
- betalactámicos

Opciones:
- ceftazidima/avibactam
- colistin, polimixina B
- tigeciclina
- ceftolazona/tazobactam

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5
Q

Resistencia metalobetalactamasas

A

Resistente:
- betalactámicos
- carbapenémicos

Opciones:
- aztreonam
* sumado a ceftazidima/avibactam ya que inactiva BLEE y permite acción de aztreonam

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6
Q

Resistencia Ampc

A

Resistente:
- ceftriaxona
- ceftazidima

Opciones
- imipenem
- meropenem
- fluoroquinolonas

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7
Q

Mecanismo de resistencia a penicilina en S. pneumoniae

A

Mutación PBP

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8
Q

Mecanismo de resistencia MRSA

A

gen mecA codifica para PBP2

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9
Q

Mecanismo de resistencia VRE y VRSA

A

gen vanA en Enterococcus y S. aureus

vanA: resistencia a vanco y teicoplanina
vanB: puede ser resistente a vanco, no a teicoplanina
vanC, etc

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10
Q

Mecanismo de resistencia a MLS en Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus

A

gen erm

Resistencia a Macrólidos, Lincosamidas, Streptogramin

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11
Q

Mecanismo de resistencia a quinolonas

A

gyrA, gyrB
parC, parE

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