Meats Flashcards
Lean meats are excellent sources of _____ and poor sources of vitamins __ __ __ __ and __
B vitamins
A,D,E,K,C
Composition of lean meats (%) Water Protein Fat Ash(minerals) CHOs Vitamins
70 20 8 1 <
As the animal fattens,
%fat ______, %protein ______, and %water _____
Increases
Decreases
Decreases
3 types of muscle
Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth
Muscle attached to skeleton
Skeletal
Muscle of the heart
Cardiac muscle
Muscle of GI and reproductive tract and circulatory system
Smooth muscle
Which muscles types are striated?
Cardiac and skeletal
3 classes of muscle proteins
Sarcoplasmic
Myofibrillar
Stromal
Which muscle protein is water soluble?
Sarcoplasmic
Which muscle protein is salt soluble?
Myofibrillar
Which muscle protein is acid soluble?
Stromal
Myoglobin, hemoglobin, cytochromes, and enzymes associated with _______ _______
Energy pathways
_______ is Major meat pigment and exists in what 3 forms in fresh meats?
Myoglobin
Deoxymyoglobin, oxymyoglobin,metmyoglobin
2 main parts of myoglobin
Heme ring (iron) Globin (protein)
What two factors determine meat color?
Chemical state of Fe
Compound bound to myoglobins free binding site
Meat color: Fe+2 is _______ and Fe+3 is _______
Reduced
Oxidized
If O2 is bound to binding site, meat will be ______
If H2O is bound, meat will be _______
If no site is bound, meat will be _______
Red
Purple
Brown
Cooking meat denatures _______ and produces ____ color
Myoglobin
Brown
In _____ meats, nitrile interacts with myoglobin and forms a ____ color
Cured meats
Pink
Heme rings have ___ binding sites and globin has ___ binding sites
4
2
Fe2+
H2O bound
Purple meat
Deoxymyoglobin
Fe2+
O2 bound
Bright red meat
Oxymyoglobin
Fe3+ No binding site Brown meat End of shelf life Binding sites are prevented
Metmyoglobin
Why should you buy purple meat instead of red
To prevent oxidation from occurring
The free binding site must have what so the meat can be purple
H2O
What are the main contractile proteins
Myosin and actin
What are the main regulatory proteins
Troponin and tropomysin
What are the myofibrillar proteins
Myosin and actin
Troponin and tropomysin
What is the connective tissue protein
Stromal proteins
What is the major protein in the body
Collagen
Collagen comprises ___-___% of weight
It is a ____ color
High ____ strength
It is a ______ protein
25-30
White
Tensile
Complex
What are the two Stromal proteins
Collagen and elastin
Elastin: Has a \_\_\_\_\_ color Strong or weak? Mainly in \_\_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_\_\_ Is it elastic?
Yellow
Strong
Tendons and ligaments
Very elastic
___% of animal fat is digestible?
97
Purge is composed of what?
Water and myoglobin
About ___% of dietary energy from meat comes from ___
50
Fat
Is animal fat highly or lowly digestible?
Highly
~97%
Most of flavor if meat comes from ____
Gives the species flavor
Carbonyl compounds
Fat
Animal fat is usually more or less saturated than plants?
More
Fats are _____ at room temperature
Solids