Measuring engagement Flashcards
Define ‘civic engagement’
Turnout for local and general elections, knowledge of the local MP or councillor and support fr local community groups
How many eligible voters were not registered to vote in 2015?
7.5 million
What demographic group is the least likely to vote?
Young, poor, black people in urban areas
Of registered voters in 2015, how many did not vote?
66.1%
Describe the traditional turnout for voters
Rural - more supportive of conservative and liberal parties and tend to have a greater turnout than those in urban areas
How many 18-24 year olds voted in 2015? Why is this significant?
- 44%
- UK has one of the largest difference in voter turnouts between the young and old compared to the rest of Europe
What are community groups? Give some examples
E.g. local shops/ allotment committees/ pressure groups
- Protest over new developments e.g. housing/ fracking/ wind farms
- Focus on fundraising/ influencing change/ helping vulnerable societal members
Rural example of local engagement: Grampound
- Best (1) award for SW region
- (2) village (not tourist based) and so there are less (3) owners were engagement is harder
- (4) lives in the village and organises monthly (5)
1 - community 2 - working 3 - second home 4 - local county councillor 5 - farmer's market
Grampound
- (1)% turnout to parish council
- 257 shareholders in local shop raised over (2)
- (3) awarded by the Prince’s countryside fund
1 - 63
2 - £20,000
3 - £19,000
Name the five factors that affect living experience and levels of engagement
- Age
- Ethnicity
- Gender
- Length of residence
- Deprivation
How does gender affect lived experience and level of engagement?
Women are less likely to go to the local pub alone which acts as the hub of the village but if there are children in the area, women are likely to have the most connections
What’s the difference between marginalisation, exclusion and social polarisation?
M - not feeling part of a society
E - feeling cut off from society
SP - inclusive communities based on age, ethnicity or economic status
Why might conflict occur in societies?
- Lack of political engagement and representation
- Ethnic tension
- Inequality
- Lack of economic opportunity
Describe studentification
Concentrations of exuberant youthful groups who may have little regard for their surrounding environment and community. As a result, some permanent residents have pressured local councils in restricting the number of houses allowing multiple occupants
How many houses in Bath are student occupied?
1 in every 28
What is the economic impact of studentification?
- Inflation of property prices
- Increase in private rented housing tenure
What is the social impact of studentification?
- Increased street crime and neighbourhood disturbance
- Replacement of permanent residents (new pattern of demographic group and segregation)
What is the cultural impact of studentification?
- Less commitment to maintaining the local quality of environment
- Gathering of young people with shared lifestyle creating changes in infrastructure and services
What is the physical impact of studentification?
- Initial upgrading of the environment upon conversion
- Down grading of physical environment
The Northern Powerhouse was announced by (1) in (2) to empower Northern cities to become a (3)
Separate (4) of the cities is likely to hinder plans and can be shown in rivalry of (5). Collectively they have poor (6) links and so the (7) will connect the powerhouse to London
1 - Chancellor George Osbourne 2 - 2014 3 - unified economic force 4 - identities 5 - football teams and their supporters 6 - international transport links 7 - HS2
N. London borough, Haringey has been in continual economic decline since (1) with the highest (2) in the city, (3) pack families into overcrowded flats and houses. Integration of communities is difficult due to (4), the area of (5) was the scene of the 1980s riots
1 - 1970s 2 - unemployment 3 - illegal landlords 4 - gang culture 5 - Tottenham
The Mayor of London has invested (1) in Tottenham but often this will benefit some and (2) others. The Peacock industrial estate has been rebuilt creating (3) jobs but this required the closure of some small businesses which are unique to London’s (4)
1 - £28 million
2 - disenfranchise
3 - 5000
4 - economy
To aid regeneration, (1) companies e.g. N17 took on (2) to plan the redevelopment of Tottenham, Haringey council has engaged (3), a planning and design consultancy to build (4) which removes profit for other schemes
1 - design
2 - apprentices from local schools
3 - Arup
4 - two new housing zones
Tottenham regeneration: some are worried that (1) of churches built by the (2) community will be lost, others worry that new homes will be more expensive and residents will lose out to (3), a network called ‘Our Tottenham’ has been setup to (4)
1 - religious diversity
2 - African-Caribbean
3 - gentrification
4 - voice local’s opposition to regeneration plans
Explanations of the London 2011 riots:
- PC
- UD
- A/D YP
- HYU
- GC to EMA
- Petty Criminality
- Urban deprivation
- Alienated/ Disaffected youth population
- High youth unemployment
- Government cutbacks to the education maintenance allowance
Explanations of the London 2011 riots:
- IUTF
- UWS
- A about B for B
- P S-A-S T
- PR between P and B C
- Increased university tuition fees
- Unusually warm summer
- Anger about bonuses paid to bankers
- Police stop-and-search tactics
- Poor relationships between the police and black community
Nottingham: 1952 - (1) building Hartland (2) - cigarette manufacturing plant 1990 - (3) 1992 - riot lasting (4) days caused (5) destruction with 80 arrests
1 - urban sprawl 2 - 1974 3 - last pack produced 4 - 3 5 - £1 million
Nottingham:
1995 - (1) toll
(2) - awarded £12m towards a £(3)m regeneration scheme
2012 - Luxury (4)
1 - Gatehouse centre
2 - 1999
3 - 33
4 - lakeshore flats
Give four secondary data evidence of deprivation
- house prices
- crime data
- educational attainment
- council survey information
How many schools in Bristol did pupils achieve above the city’s GCSE average in 2015?
13 out of 34
What was the percentage of students on free school meals in Hartcliffe and Withywood compared to the Bristol average?
H&W - 42.3%
B - 20.8%
What was the percentage of students had English as an additional language in Hartcliffe and Withywood compared to the Bristol average?
H&W - 4.1%
B - 18.8%
Why was regeneration needed in Bristol docklands?
- Harbour closed as working docklands in the 1970s
- Blue Asbestos found by the old gas factory as a landfill site
- War demolished a lot of architecture in Redcliffe
What has been done to regenerate the Bristol docklands?
- William Jessop installed loch gates and a dam to control the tide by diverting up the river
- Visitor’s centre and museum with original harbour machinery
- SS Great Britain museum - ship recovered from falklands conflict
- Activity centres, bars and an aquarium
- Arnolfini art gallery set up by uni students
- Temple Quarter
What conflict has occurred due to the docklands regeneration?
- Plans of installing a motorway over the harbour
- Residents pressured council into changing the ground by the harbourside to uneven and rocky to stop visitors sitting by resident’s housing
- Luxury apartments not wanted due to expense and improper size
- Flats block the view of the cathedral from the harbour
