Measurement of ROM

Question 1

soft end-feel

Answer 1

soft tissue approximation

- ex: knee flexion, elbow flexion, hip flexion(knee bent)

Question 2

firm end-feel

Answer 2

1) muscular stretch
- ex: hip flexion(knee straight), ankle DF
2) Capsular stretch
- ex: shoulder IR/ER, MCP extension
3) ligamentous stretch
- forearm supination

Question 3

hard end-feel

Answer 3

bone-on-bone

- ex: elbow extension

Question 4

Documentation of ROM

Answer 4

Should include:

1) side of body, joint, motion tested
- ex: right shoulder ER
2) ROM = start and end position
- ex: 0 - 43 degrees
3) Type of motion
- PROM or AROM
4) Any subjective info
- pain, difficulty, facial grimacing
5) Any objective info
- end feel, crepitus(creeking with joint movement), protective muscle spasm
6) Description of special circumstances
- different positions

Question 5

types of validity

Answer 5

• face validity = done by observation
• content validity
• criterion-related validity = compared to gold standard(x-ray)
• construct validity

Question 6

reliability

Answer 6

ability to measure consistently across consecutive trials

• should get the same measure under the same conditions
• only when a measurement is valid and reliable can you say that real change has occurred over time

Question 7

improving reliability for ROM

Answer 7

• use consistent positions
• use consistent landmarks
• use consistent manual force
• have patient use consistent effort
• use same device
• use correct goni size
• record mean of several measurements
• use same examiner