Measurement of motor behavior Flashcards
Measures the outcome or results of performing a motor skill
performance outcome measure
What are some performance outcome measures?
time to complete task
reaction time
distance covered
errors
measures performance of characteristics that produced the outcome
performance production measures
what are some performance production measures?
velocity
acc.
jt. angle
force
tells how NS and muscular system are functioning
What are the most commonly used measures ?
kinematics of movement.
outcomes of movement
muscle performance via EMG
visualizing brain function during motion
description of pure motion without regard for forces and masses involved
kinematics
What can kinematics be broken down into?
spatial and temporal components
What are spatial properties?
path length
path shape (trajectory)
plane of movement
Distance Traveled
what are Temporal properties
velocity during movement
jt. coordination
movement duration
inability to produce motor planning on command
apraxia
In spatial properties study, what was seen with pathway of control group vs apraxic group?
control: linear
apraxic: circular in frontal plane
What does the circular pathway of the apraxic group in the spatial properties study tell us?
shoulder elbow and wrist not moving in organized manner
What did pts do in the temporal properties study?
draw triangles
What was found in the temporal property study?
velocity of movement was the same but hemiparetic group crosses zero more frequently in acceleration.
what is significant about the hemiparetic group crossing zero more often?
it means the task may have taken longer
what happened in the bread slicing study?
control group had linear velocity and apraxic group showed dissociation of inter-joint coordination
what does giving apraxic pt both object and tool do?
it can ameliorate space to help eliminate apraxic movement. resulting in comparable results to control to accomplish task.
has a defined start and end point
discrete task
average magnitude of error in movement performance..
what does it take into account?
constant error
direction
measures magnitude of error in movement performance without taking direction into account
absolute error
measures consistency or inconsistency of responses
variable errors
measures deviation and consistency
root mean square error
what else does root mean square measure?
what can you create from it?
difference between target trajectory and actual trajectory over time
performance curve
has multiple stimuli but each has a different response
choice reaction time
has multiple stimuli but can only react to one
discrimination reaction time
go signal -> initiation of response
reaction time
initiation of response to termination of response
movement time
what is within the reaction time?
pre-motor and motor
reaction time + movement time?
response time
emg can measure motor but not
preplanning
Parkinsons patients spend more time in _____ while apraxic patients spend more time ________
movement performance
movement planning.
measures involvement of muscles by recording electrical activity during movement
EMG
What does EMG provide information on?
identity of active muscle
temporal patterning
intensity of contraction
What was seen in the CP omg study?
CP pts had activation of both antagonists at the same time during a say making balance difficult
in terms of time
task completion is
movement duration is
an outcome measure
a performance measure
in terms of distance
how far someone walks is
how much are moves during a pitch is
outcome measure
performance measure
allow us to see changes in local blood flow, glucose metabolism, and blood oxygenation
PET and fMRI
Response to damage and behavioral attempts to compensate for effects of damage
Behavioral compensation neuroplasticity
response to behavioral experience that enhances functional outcome and promotes reorganization
functional recovery neuroplasticity
Functional recovery occurs as a result of
spontaneous recovery
experience dependent motor training
increased involvement of contralateral hemisphere
axonal remodeling
integration of alternative motor elements from different end effectors
substitution
_____ and _____ can set in very quickly from compensation and substitution
learned non-use and misuse
what does tPA do
breaks up clot to promote blood flow during stroke.
because of that in and out mindset of rehab we teach
compensatory and substitution strategies
what are constraints for achieving neuroplasticity?
fatigue spasticity attention depression limited time
______ interferes with recovery
compensation
functional reorganization of motor cortex is _____
skill dependent
