Meaning, scope, and importance of statistics

Question 1

What do you mean by qualitative variables?

Answer 1

These variables cannot be expressed numerically. Eg: honesty, beauty intelligence. They can be ranked according to quality of their attributes.
Rank 1: Most intelligent
Rank 2: Second most intelligent

Question 2

What are quantitative variables?

Answer 2

Variables that can be expressed numerically. Eg: marks, height.

Question 3

Statistics is defined in a _____ and a _____

Answer 3

Plural sense and singular sense

Question 4

Statistics in plural sense means?

Answer 4

A collection of numerical facts

Question 5

Statistics in singular sense deals with:

Answer 5

1. Collection.
2. Organisation.
3. Presentation.
4. Analysis.
5. Interpretation.

Question 6

Statistics is an aggregate of facts. This means?

Answer 6

This means that statistics focuses on a collection of facts, not a single fact. Facts are usually expressed in numbers for clear analysis. The aggregated numerical data provides meaningful summary and clear conclusions.

Question 7

When can a single figure be called statistics?

Answer 7

A single figure can be called statistics when it represents an average or a sum of various observations

Question 8

Statistics in plural sense possesses which characteristics?

Answer 8

1. Aggregate of facts.
2. Affected by multiplicity of causes.
3. Statistics and numerically expressed.
4. Should be collected with reasonable standard of accuracy.
5. Statistics are selected for predetermined purpose.
6. Collected in a systematic manner.
7. Comparability.

Question 9

Data is affected by a ______

Answer 9

Variety of factors

Question 10

Any facts to be called statistics must be _______ expressed

Answer 10

Numerically

Question 11

Statistics always has to be a large aggregate. True or false?

Answer 11

False

Question 12

Why can statistics also begin with small and numerical facts?

Answer 12

This is because they may have the potential of aggregation, comparison or analysis

Question 13

When we say statistics should be collected with reasonable standard of accuracy, we mean that the data must be

Answer 13

Enumerated or estimated

Question 14

What do you mean by enumerated?

Answer 14

Something that has been measured precisely and has high accuracy. Eg: there are 60 students in a class.

Question 15

What do you mean by estimated?

Answer 15

It is the approximate value. Eg: 5000 people attended the rally. It is an estimation.
But it must be close to reality and not exaggerated

Question 16

Why should the purpose of collecting statistical data be decided in advance?

Answer 16

It must be decided in advance in order to make the data useful

Question 17

When does the reliability of data deteriorate?

Answer 17

If the figures are collected in a haphazard manner

Question 18

When do figures collected lose most of their significance?

Answer 18

If they are not comparable

Question 19

For the purpose of comparison, data must be _______

Answer 19

Homogeneous

Question 20

What are the five stages of statistics in singular sense?

Answer 20

1. Collection.
2. Organisation.
3. Presentation.
4. Analysis.
5. Interpretation.