MCQ Variants Flashcards
Is it typical for bronchiectasis the rapid distrubition if the inflamatory process in the cerebrobronchial tissue (peribronchial tissue)
a) Yes
b) No
NO - typical for BRONCHIOLITIS
Can arigine complicate with hyperplasia of the lymph folicles of the tonsils?
a) yes
b) no
YES
can chronic adhesive imptomeningitis complicate with nerve injury ?
a) yes
b) no
YES
podocytes are located in:
a)the proximal corruduted tubule b)of the visceral sheet of bauman capsule
b) of the visceral sheet of bauman capsule
are basal membranes of eridometrial glands in glandular hyperplasia preserved?
a) yes
b) no
YES
Can atherosclerosis present as an acute illness?
a) yes
b) no
NO
is jaundice a feature of hemolytic anemia?
a) yes
b) no
YES
is the sago spleen characteristic for hodgkin lymphoma ?
a) yes
b) no
NO - Amyloidosis
can aneurysms be caused by inflammatory changes in the vascular wall?
a) yes
b) no
YES
is the cortical surface of the kidney in chronic glomerulonephritis smooth and even?
a) yes
b) no
NO - Diffuse Granular
What are the characteristic microscopic features of chronic pyelonephritis?
a)pericapsular glomeruloscierosis b)mesangial hyperplasia c)lymphoid infilrates in the interstitium d)stirumization
a)pericapsular glomeruloscierosis
c)lymphoid infilrates in the interstitium
d)stirumization - AKA THYROIDISATION
What is the most common outcome of lubal pregnancy
a)rupture of the fallopian tube b)secondary peritneal pregnancy c)pregnancy with normal birth
d) fetal transition into litnopedion
a)rupture of the fallopian tube
Which of the following diseases develop mainly in the white matter of the brain
a)post-vaccination encephalitis b)polioencephalitis c)multiple sclerosis d)lethargic encephalitis
a)post-vaccination encephalitis
c)multiple sclerosis
where are the first and major vascular changes in hypertension
a)aorta b)in vessels of muscle type c)in the arterioles
d)in the veins
b)in vessels of muscle type
specify which stages that are NOT found in lobar pneumonia
a)proliferative b)gray hepatization c)red hepatization
d)resolution
a)proliferative
the most common causes of acute posthemorrhagic anemia are
a)acute hemolysis
b)traumatic c)intoxication d)all three above
b)traumatic
Which are tumor-like processes in the mouth
a)polyp b)fibroma c)hemangioma d)epulis
a)polyp
d)epulis
in myeloma often develops
a)hyper-para-proteinemia b)amyloidosis c)renal failure d)chronic pyelonephritis
a)hyper-para-proteinemia b)amyloidosis c)renal failure
in the periartenitis nodosa occur
a)calcium deposits in the vessel wall b)enderteritis changes c)fibrinoid necrosis in the vessel wall d)emyloidosis
b)enderteritis changes
c)fibrinoid necrosis in the vessel wall
Tubulorexisis seen in
a)acute pyelonephritis b)ischemic tubular necrosis c)toxic tubular necrosis
d)urinary acid attack
b)ischemic tubular necrosis
which of the above pathological processes refers to the proliferative state of rheumatism
a)mucoid edema b)fibrinoid deposition c)growth of connective tissue d)formation of granulomas
c)growth of connective tissue
basal leptomeningitis is found in
a)sepsis b)tuberculosis c)influenza d)neurosyphilis
b)tuberculosis
d)neurosyphilis
What diseases comprise COPD
a)chronic bronchitis
b)primary pulmonary hypertention c)lung carnification
d)pulmonary emphysema
a) chronic bronchitis
d) pulmonary emphysema
Which of the ovarian tumors is related to transitional epitelium
a)brenner tumor b)arenoblastma c)mucinous cystadenoma d)serous cystadenoma
a)brenner tumor
Typical changes in the heart in hypertension are
a)hypertrophy of the left ventricle b)hypertrophy of the right ventricle c)mitral stenosis d)brown atrophy
hypertrophy of the left ventricle
in macroscopic examination of surgically removed testicle is found considerably increase in volume. Tumor tissue is of grywhite color dolted with different size yellow and crimson areas. Histologicaly are seen nests and strands of clear cells with atypical mitoses that remind of normal spermatogonia separated by fine connective tissue strands, infiltered by lymphocytes. At places are visible necrotic fields and bleeding give diagnosis
a)teratoma b)seminoma
c)embryonal carcinoma d)orchitis
b)seminoma
Autopsy of a patient suffering from elevation of blood pressure episodic diaarhea with abdominal pain flushing, cyanosis,pulmonary stenosis with insufficieny, shows a thickened nodal end of appendix the size of 2 cm, dense with a characteristic yellowish color in submucosa. Histologically the tumor is composed of rounded to polygonal cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. The granules do not reduce silver salts. Tumor stroma ishyakinized. Give the histological diagnosis of the tumor.
a)gangrenous appendicitis b)lymphoma of the appendix
c)carcinoid d)appendicocele
c)carcinoid
The autopsy of 65-year old woman shows ascending pneumonia chronic bronchitis and bronchiectasis. In the subarachnoid space, and on the convexity of the brain is seen an exudate with dense yellowish colour . Histology defects the presence of exudate rich in segmented leukocytes and fibrin Diagnose the process.
a)tuberculous meningitis
b)serous meningitis
c)epidemic meningococcal meningitis d)purulent meningitis
d)purulent meningitis
34 year old presents with enlarged cervical lymoh nodes on the right that does not seen to affected after antibiotic treatment. The biopsy of the lymph nodes shows entirely depleted structere with numerous large mononuclear and binuclear cells, eosinophils, plasma cells, lymmphocytes, epitheloid macrophages. Give diagnosis of the athological process in the lymph nodes
a)tuberculosis
b)hodgin’s disease
c)non-hodgkin’s lymphoma d)sarcoidosis
b)hodgin’s disease
The upper outer quadrant of the breast shows dense know, well delimited and movable to the surrunding tissue and skin. Histological examination establishes proliferated and expanded ducts of the breast with spherical shape and the surrounding connective tissue that does not deform them. Breast lobules are not seen. Give the diagnosis of the process.
a)chronic fibrocystic breasts b)lipogranuloma
c)lipoma d)pericanallicula firbroadenoma
d)pericanallicula firbroadenoma
Can anerisma effect the pericardium?
a) yes
b) no
YES - dissecting aneurysm of aorta can lead to cardiac tamponade
is the basement membrane of the epithellium is cervical carcinome in situ?
a) yes
b) no
YES
Are both kidneys symmetricaly affected in chronic obsructive pyelonephritis?
a) yes
b) no
NO
is hemorrhage of the adrenal glands typical in septic of form of epidemic meningitis
a) yes
b) no
YES
ls fibrinold necrosis at the base of a chronic peptic ulcer typical for recovery phase?
a) yes
b) no
NO
do we often see stapylococcal pneumonia in adults?
a) yes
b) no
NO - we see STREPTOCOCCAL in Adults
can acute toxic necrosis of liver develop after poisoning with mushrooms?
a) yes
b) no
YES
Are there cortical abscesses in the kidney in acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis?
a) yes
b) no
YES
can aciampsia develop without pregnancy?
a) yes
b) no
NO
are there light microscopy changes in the glomeruli in minimal change kidney disease (lipoid nephrosis)?
a) yes
b) no
NO - but in ELECTRON Microscopy
in nephritic syndrome is found
a)heavy proteinuria over 3.5 g/24 h b)erythrocytes in urine c)hypertension d)azotemia
b)erythrocytes in urine
c)hypertension
Which are the morphological forms of ameloblastoma:
a)cystic (but cystic>laminar) b)laminar c)soft d)solid
a)cystic
b)laminar
What complications can occur at the site of chronic heart aneurysm?
a)myocardial rupture b)mural thrombosis c)regeneration of the muscle layer d)an adhesive pencarditis
a)myocardial rupture
b)mural thrombosis
indicate where the viruses of hepatitis A and B multply after enteral or parenteral enetration in the body
a)in the intestines b)in the mesenteric lymph nodes c)in the other lymphoid organs d)in the liver
c)in the other lymphoid organs
d)in the liver
serous meningitis can be causes by:
a)herpes simplex infection b)a streptococcal infection c)influenza infection d)mumps
c)influenza infection
d)mumps
Big white kidneys are seen in:
a)chronic pyelonephritis b)rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis c)renal amyloidosis d)diabetic nephropathy
b)rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
c)renal amyloidosis
Lobar pneumonia is
a)lobular b)fibrinous c)catarrhal d)pleuropneumonia
b)fibrinous
d)pleuropneumonia
what follows after atherosclerosis of the femoral artery ? (complications)
a)thromboembolism b)atiophy of bone c)gangrene d)thrombosis
c) gangrene
the pathogenesis of hydrocuphalus is due to
a)the ingresing volume of CSF
b)sweling of the brain
c)imzilence between absorption and spinal fluid production
d)ischemia
a)the ingresing volume of CSF
c)imzilence between absorption and spinal fluid production
indicate which diseases ae intraepithelial neoplasms:
a)pre-cancers b)tumor like processes c)invasive tumors X d)inflammatory disease
a)pre-cancers
When is mostly seen the acute aneurysm of the heart?
a)in the acute phase of myocardial infarction b)in dipheria myocarditis c)rheummatin myocarditis d)at aourtic stenosis X
a)in the acute phase of myocardial infarction
Early carcinoma of the stomach means:
a)carcinoma infitratin sutimucosa b)carcinoma in situ c)carcinoma infiltrating muscular layer d)carcinoma infitrating the serosa
a)carcinoma infitratin sutimucosa
What is abortion?
a)an inflamatory condition b)a spontaneous abortion c)artifibial interruption of pregnancy d)tumor
c)artifibial interruption of pregnancy
Which of the following morphologic methods are used for classifying the lymphomas?
a)staining with van Giseon b)PAS reaction c)staining with won Koase d)immunohistchemistry
d)immunohistchemistry
which of these tumors frequently metastasize to bone?
a)liposarcoma b)osteosarcoma c)prostate cancer d)breast cancer
c)prostate cancer
d)breast cancer
Autopsy of a 57-year-old with cancer of the ascending colon. Skin mucous membranes and internal organs are pale. The heart is a tiger type the bone marrow of flat bones is hyperplastic and in the long bones is hyperplastic and res. insert the correct diagnosis of changes in the hematopoietic system
a)iron deficiency anemia b)hemolytic anemia c)pemicious anemia d)apiastic anemia
a)iron deficiency anemia
At autopsy is a large part of the lung is soft grey color ith an unpleasant ador, and the surrunding lung tissue are atelectatic. Histologicallyis seen necrosis with many microorgansm. No inflammatory reaction is seen.
Give the proper diagnosis
a)emphysema b)lung carcinoma c)lung abscess d)lung gangrene
d)lung gangrene
18-year old girl is wiht tumor formation in the abdomen. at operation is taken a cystic tumor of the left ovary with the size of 10 cm. Cutting of the tumor shows little protrusion at one pole of the cyst and the contents of fat and haid. Histologically are observed improperly mixed tissues from all theree germ layers-ecto, meso-and endoderm.
Determine the type of tumor.
a)serous cystadenoma b)papilary cystadenoma c)mucinous cystadenocarcinoma d)a mature teraome
d)a mature teraome
At necropsy the gastric mucosa is strogly hypertrophied ,Gastric mucosal foids are large , curved, swolien resembling brain gyri. Which of the following is correct?
a)acute gastritis b)chronic gastritis c)carcinoma of the stomach d)hypertrophic gastritis of menetrier
d)hypertrophic gastritis of menetrier
Autopsy of 27 -year -old woman finds in the lungs numerous gray-yellowish nodules with the size of millet grain and dense texture subaruchnoidal and basal between cruriscerebri around the optic chiasma is seen abundant gelatinous yellowish exudate, along the blood vessels nodules withe the same characteristic as in the lungs, What is th disease of the nervous system?
a)purulent meningiitis b)encephalitis c)serous meningitis d)tuberculous meningitis
d) tuberculous meningitis
Which of these places can show leiomyoma? missing answer
a)uterine submucosa b)subserosal in the uteru c)intramura
d)disseminated in the periboneus
a)uterine submucosa
b)subserosal in the uterus
c)intramura - MOST COMMON Uterine Leiomyoma
Under what conditions may develop aortic aneurism?
a)atherosclerosis b)hypertension c)rheumatism d)myocarditis
a)atherosclerosis
b)hypertension
İndicate which of the followinng pathological processes occur as a complication phlegmonous appendicitis:
a)perforation b)peritonitis c)thrombophylebitis d)phylebitis
a)perforation b)peritonitis c)thrombophylebitis d)phylebitis
- ALL OF ABOVE
Which of the following factors play a role in the occurrence of cancer of the lung
a)a chronic bronchitis with metaplasia of epithelium
b)tobacco smoke
c)flu
d)congenital abnormalities
a)a chronic bronchitis with metaplasia of epithelium
b)tobacco smoke
in agranulocytosis ae seen
a)ulceronectoric changes in oral cavity b)candidiasis c)severe septic conditions
d)viral hepatitis
a)ulceronectoric changes in oral cavity
b)candidiasis
c)severe septic conditions
Diabetes mellitus shows changes like:
a)diabetic microangiıpathy b)diabetic machanism c) intercapillary gloerulosclerosis d) islet amyloidosis i
a)diabetic microangiıpathy b)diabetic machanism c) intercapillary gloerulosclerosis d) islet amyloidosis i
- ALL OF ABOVE
What disease is struma ovarii?
a)inflammation b)dishormonal c)ovarian teratoma d)germ cell tumor
c)ovarian teratoma
The arterioles in hypertension show:
a)inflammation b)intimal proliferation
c)plasma d)hyalinosis
b)intimal proliferation
c)plasma
d)hyalinosis
What kind of degeneration is observed in the liver paremetrohy
a)pigmengt b)fat c)balloon d)protein
c)balloon
As a complication of bronchiectasis may occur
a)lobar pneumonia b)abscess and gangrene of the lung
c)bronchopneumonia d)brown induration in the lungs
b)abscess and gangrene of the lung
c)bronchopneumonia
Hiatus leucaemicus is seen in
a)acute leukemia b)chronic myelogenous leucosis c)chronic lymohcytic leukemia d)morbus hodgkin
a)acute leukemia
Which of the tumors doesn’t have its own stroma?
a) choriocarcinoma b)small cell lung carcinoma c)papillary thyroid carcinoma d)malignant melanoma
a) choriocarcinoma
What are the etiological factors causing secondary biliary cirrhosis:
a)chronic cholestasis b)chronic cholangitis c)chronic cholangiolitis d)autoimmune injury of the biliary tract
a)chronic cholestasis
b)chronic cholangitis
c)chronic cholangiolitis
What characterizes the first stage of syphilis?
a)skin rash b)ulcus durum c)lueticgumma
d)generalized lymphadenopathy
b)ulcus durum
Which conditions lead to chronic pulmonary heart + tricuspid defect
a)viral pneumonia b)acute bacterial pneumonia c)chronic obstructiv emhysema d)silicosis
c)chronic obstructiv emhysema
d)silicosis
in the autopsy of a man is found that the entire lower lobe of the right lung the dense with finely granular gray and dry surface, The pleura is covered with fine gray coating. Histologically , the alveoli and alveolar passages are filled with a dense network of fibrin and many leukocytes. insert the correct pathological diagnosis.
a)lobar pneumonia in the stage of gray hepatization
b)lobar pnemonia in the stage of absorption
c)pneumocystiscarini atypical pneumonia
d)chronic lung abscess
a)lobar pneumonia in the stage of gray hepatization
Autopsy of a 5 year old child wiht diffuse skin hemorrhagic rash shows hyperemia of meninges, brain edema and herniation of the cerebellar tonsils into the foramen magnum with massive bleeding in both adrenal glands. Which syndrome is described?
a)sydrome of Waterhouuse-Friderischsen b)sydrome of simmonds-shechan c)syndrome of sezary d)sydrome of pancoast-tobias
a) sydrome of Waterhouuse-Friderischsen
Man,age 59 years,20 years suffering from hypertension, and 5 years ago was treated for myocardial infarction, died with left -sided hemiplegia. At autopsy-hear weights 580 grans, left ventricle is enlarged filled with large mixed thrombus. Wall in this are is whit and 8 mm thick, in the area of aortic valve the thickness of the left ventricle is 25 mm. Specify the correct diagnosis on heart change
a)syphilitic aneurysm with thrombosis
b)acute aneurysm with mural thrombosis
c)rheumatic hear disease
d)chronic post infarcted aneurysm with mural thrombosis
d)chronic post infarcted aneurysm with mural thrombosis
Autopsy of 5 month old child establish inflammatory changes in the lungs, kidneys and liver. in the alveoli are found large cells (sizes 80-100mm) with a big nucleus sepa-rated from the cytoplasmy a halo (clear area). Such cells are secnalong the epithelial cells of the convoluted tubules in kidney and biliary tract.What disease is depicted?
a)toxoplasmosis b)echinococcosis c)cytomegalovirus d)sepsis
c)cytomegalovirus
Autopsy ofan old man shows an enlarged prostate gland weighing 85 g and size of 7 cm in diameter. Outer surfface is lobulated whitish withh firm texture and is surrounded by capsule. The bladder has a chickened wall and is dilated. What is the process?
a)sarcoma of prostate b)prostate cancer c)prostate hyperplasia d)prostatitis
c)prostate hyperplasia
which DOES NOT have a paraneoplastic syndrome?
a. Small cell Ca.
b. Renal cell Ca.
c. Hepatocellular Ca.
d. None of above
d. None of above - they ALL have it
Which of the following renal disease DOES NOT present with basal membrane rupture?
a. Acute pyelonephritis
b. Chronic pyelonephritis
c. Glomerulonephriti
a. Acute pyelonephritis
b. Chronic pyelonephritis
Which disease DOES NOT have chorionic villi?
a. Adenocarcinoma
b. Choriocarcinoma
c. Total molar pregnancy
d. Partial molar pregnancy
b. Choriocarcinoma
What is the meaning of overexpression of HER2?
a. Good prognosis
b. Bad prognosis
c. Invasive ductal carcinoma
b. Bad prognosis
Can you see oncocytes in Hodgkin’s lymphoma?
a. True
b. False
FALSE
Can prostate cancer be asymptomatic?
a. True
b. False
TRUE
Where is prostate hyperplasia commonly located?
a. Transitional
b. Periurethral
c. Central
d. Prostatic capsule
a. Transitional
b. Periurethral
Can you find phylloid fibroadenoma in breast?
a. True
b. False
TRUE
What is the most common cervical cancer?
a. Non-keratinising squamous cell Ca
b. Keratinising squamous cell Ca
c. Adenoma
b. Keratinising squamous cell Ca
Which of the following factors may favour the formation of gallstones?
a. Cholestasis
b. Cholecystitis
c. Abnormal bile composition
d. Hepatitis
a. Cholestasis
c. Abnormal bile composition
d. Hepatitis
Which of those forms of breast cancer are invasive carcinomas?
a. Medullary
b. Gelatinous
c. Scirrhous
d. Paget’s disease
a. Medullary
d. Paget’s disease
Where are the most pronounced pathological changes of bacterial dysentery?
a. In colon transverum
b. In the sigmus
c. In the rectum
d. In the colon ascendens
b. In the sigmus
c. In the rectum
d. In the colon ascendens
What are the typical histological features of grey hepatisation in the lobar
pneumonia? Influx of:
a. Erythrocytes
b. Leucocytes
c. Fibrin
d. Lymphocytes
b. Leucocytes
c. Fibrin
Specify the correct histological forms of Epulis?
a. Fibrinous
b. Giant cell
c. Fibromatous
d. Lipomatous
b. Giant cell
c. Fibromatous
Which of the following diseases lead to the development of secondary hypertension?
a. Chronic pyelonephritis
b. Arteriosclerotic nephrosclerosis
c. Experienced emotional stress
d. Pheochromocytoma
a. Chronic pyelonephritis
c. Experienced emotional stress
d. Pheochromocytoma
What are the disorders of white matter in the brain?
Astrocytoma, ependymoma,
papilloma, oligodendroglioma
Can atherosclerosis lead to hypertension?
a. True
b. False
TRUE
Is vasculitis seen in the base of a gastric ulcer?
a. True
b. False
FALSE
Which tumour is derived from transitional epithelium?
Bladder Tumour
What is the most common outcome of tubal pregnancy
Rupture/ hemorrhage of Fallian Tube
Can infarction be hemorrhagic?
a. True
b. False
TRUE
Can heart signs be seen 15 mins after myocardial infarction?
a. True
b. False
FALSE
Where is tubulorrhexis seen?
Acute tubular necrosis
Can vitamin B12 deficiency be fatal?
a. True
b. False
TRUE
What do you find in Vitamin B12 deficiency?
Macrocytes & auto-Abs against
parietal cells/ anti-intrinsic factor antibodies
What does “kernicter jaundice” mean?
High levels of bilirubin in fetal circulation,
damages brain
Can bronchiectasis be complicated with amyloidosis?
a. True
b. False
TRUE
Which hepatitis can have a chronic fate?
a. True
b. False
TRUE
Is pyelonephritis symmetrical?
a. True
b. False
FALSE
What is a “Pancoast tobias” tumour and where is it located?
Type of Lung Cancer
Located at Apices of Lung
Rheumatoid arthritis is NOT found to have immunopathological reaction?
a. True
b. False
FALSE
Mesothelial thrombosis is a complication of atherosclerosis?
a. True
b. False
TRUE
Hemolysis is a feature of sickle cell anemia?
a. True
b. False
TRUE
Carnification is a feature of?
Lobar Pneumonia - Incomplete Resolution
What is crescent glomerular nephritis?
Rapidly progressive GN
Libman-Sacks endocarditis is found in which disease?
SLE
Is there productive Vasculitis at the bottom of Acute Ulcer?
a. Yes
b. No
NO - in Chronic Ulcer
Could Psuedoxanthoma Cells be observed in the Gall Bladder Wall in Chronic Cholecystitis?
a. Yes
b. No
YES
Carcinoma in site of Uterine Cervix can sometimes reverse by itself, without treatment
a. Yes
b. No
NO
Are the so called “chocolate” cysts of the ovaries a neoplasia?
a. Yes
b. No
NO
In Subacute (Fulminant) Form of Epidemic meningitis is the Haemorrhage in the Adrenal Gland a typical complication?
a. Yes
b. No
NO
Poliomyelitis damages which structures of the Spinal Cord?
a) motoneurons in the grey matter
b) glial cells of the white matter
a) motoneurons in the grey matter
The Spleen damaged by Hodgkin’s disease is called:
a) Sago
b) Polyphric
b) Polyphric
Are both the kidneys usually affected symmetrically in chronic obstructive pyelonephritis?
a. yes
b. no
NO
In glandular hyperplasia of the endometrium the basement membranes of the endometrial glands are:
a) destroyed
b) intact
b) intact
Anaemia is due to supressed function of the bone marrow is observed in:
a) leukaemia
b) cytostatic treatment
c) in chronic kidney failure
d) all are correct
d) all are correct
Which is NOT observed in Pernicious Anaemia?
a) disrupted secretion of gastric mucoprotein
b) spinal cord damage
c) Hunter Glossitis
d) Haemolytic Jaundice
d) Haemolytic Jaundice
Which method is used to define the types of lymphoma?
a) Van Gieson staining
b) Fontana-Masson staining
c) Von Kossa staining
d) immunohistochemistry
d) immunohistochemistry
In polyartheritis nodosa we can observe:
a) fibrinoid necrosis
b) calcium deposits in the glomeruli
c) pulmonary endoarteritis
d) amyloidosis
a) fibrinoid necrosis
Where do we find the initial vascular changes in hypertension?
a) aorta
b) vessels of muscle type
c) arterioles
d) veins
c) arterioles
In which disease are NOT observed haemorrhages per diapedesin in the brain?
a) hypertension
b) encephalitis
c) infectious diseases
d) atherosclerosis
d) atherosclerosis
Which is the most common reason for tubal pregnancy?
a) chronic endometritis
b) blood congestion
c) adhesion and folding of the fallopian tubes
d) ovarian disfunction
c) adhesion and folding of the fallopian tubes
In which disease symptomatic hypertension is NOT observed?
a) pheochromocytoma
b) acute pyelonephritis
c) chronic pyelonephritis
d) polyarteritis nodosa
b) acute pyelonephritis
For primary tuberculosis are characteristic all changes, EXCEPT:
a) petrification
b) tuberculous meningitis
a) petrification
Ashchh - damage can lead to which tumour?
a) pleural mesothelioma
b) adenocarcinoma
c) squamous cell carcinoma
d) carcinoma of the larynx
a) pleural mesothelioma
The Philadelphia Chromosome is characterised by:
a) Translocation (8;14)
b) Translocation (22;9)
c) Translocation (9;22)
d) Translocation (14;8)
c) Translocation (9;22)
Which thyroiditis has granuloma that resemble tubercles?
a) Hashimoto
b) —
c) Dr Qurryain
d) Palpation Thyroiditis
c) Dr Qurryain
If the medullary thyroid carcinoma secretes pathological proteins, they can be proven using which staining?
a) PAS-reaction
b) Van Giesion
c) Toluidine Blue
d) Congo Red and Polarising Microscopy
d) Congo Red and Polarising Microscopy
Clear Cell Carcinoma of the Kidney originate from the epithelial cells of?
a) Tubercles
b) Glomeruli
c) Bowman’s Capsule
d) Capillaries
a) Tubercles
Obliterative Endocarditis is seen in which meningitis?
a) Tuberculous meningitis
b) purulent non meningococcal
c) epidemic purulent meningococcal
d) luetic meningitis
a) Tuberculous meningitis
What is the reason for the skin to resemble an “orange” peel in certain types of breast cancer?
a) parenchyma prevalence
b) stroma prevalence
c) skin inflammation
d) carcinoma infiltrates the skin
c) skin inflammation
A 38-year old woman complains of disrupted sleep, irritation, tachycardia. The physical examination shows an enlarged thyroid gland, as well as exophthalmos. Microscopically, in the follicles - resorpitive vacuoles, hyperplasia of the epithelial cells with pseudocapillary formation, in the interstitium - hyperaemia and lymphoid follicle.
What is the most probable diagnosis?
a) Hashimoto’s Disease
b) Nodular Goiter
c) Hyperthyroid Goiter
d) Hypothyroid Goiter
c) Hyperthyroid Goiter
A 55-Year old male smoker has been treating himself with antibiotics at home for the past 2 weeks, due to an acute respiratory disease. Severe complications occur, he is admitted to the ER, nut dies soon after with acute respiratory failure. The PCR upon admission is negative for COVID-19.
The histology of the lungs shows multiple findings; in the walls of the alveoli there is lymphocyte and plasma cell infiltrate, inside the alveoli - desquamated epithelial cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, giant multinucleated cells, in the bronchioles - squamous metaplasia of the epithelium, inside the lumens of the smaller bronchi - purulent exudate and necrosis, around the bronchi - lymphocytes and plasma cells.
What is the diagnosis?
a) mycotic pneumonia
b) viral pneumonia
c) exacerbated chronic TB
d) bacterial pneumonia
b) viral pneumonia
A 28-year old patient that has suffered from tuberculosis since childhood dies, due to an increasing cardiovascular failure.
The autopsy shows enlarged thoracic and abdominal lymph nodes, some with petrification and some with fresh necrosis (confirmed to be caseous upon microscopic examination)
What is the correct diagnosis?
a) Primary TB with Lymphogenous Dissemination
b) Secondary TB
c) Chronic Primary Tuberculosis
d) Tumour like type of Syphilis
a) Primary TB with Lymphogenous Dissemination
Is Haemorrhage of the adrenal glands typical in septic form of epidemic meningitis?
a. No
b. Yes
YES
Is the Sago Spleen characteristic for Hodgkin’s Lymphoma?
a. Yes
b. No
NO
Neutrophils with bone necrosis and reactive new bone formation is typical for:
a) Osteoid-Osteoma
b) Osteomyelitis
b) Osteomyelitis
Benign Cartilaginous tumour is called:
a) Osteochondroma
b) Osteomyelitis
b) Osteomyelitis
Benign Cartilaginous tumour is called:
a) Osteochondroma
b) Chondroma
b) Chondroma
Oesophageal Varices occur most often in people with:
a) Liver Cirrhosis
b) Abdominal Tumour
a) Liver Cirrhosis
Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis is:
a) Infection
b) Autoimmune Disease
b) Autoimmune Disease
The Krukenberg Tumour is:
a) Primary Ovary Tumour
b) Involvement of Ovaries from Metastatic Deposit
b) Involvement of Ovaries from Metastatic Deposit
Which of the mentioned below is a complication of atherosclerosis?
a) Brain Haemorrhage
b) Aneurysm
b) Aneurysm
What is the type of stroma in the choriocarcinoma?
a) Abundant, with well seen stromal reaction
b) Absence of stroma in the tumour
b) Absence of stroma in the tumour
Affection of both kidneys and lungs is typical for:
a) Good Pasture Syndrome
b) Hamman-Rich Syndrome
a) Good Pasture Syndrome
Acute Pancreatitis is usually associated with:
a) Decreased size and soft consistency
b) Decreased size and thick consistency
c) Increased size, haemorrhages and necrosis
d) Atrophic, with fatty change in the wall
c) Increased size, haemorrhages and necrosis
Alcoholic Hepatitis does NOT PRESENT WITH:
a) Russel Bodies
b) Diffused mixed lobular inflammation
c) Steatosis
d) Fibrosis
a) Russel Bodies
All of the following are complications of gastric ulcer EXCEPT:
a) penetration
b) Melaena
c) Insulinoma
d) Pyloric Stenosis
c) Insulinoma
Acromegaly is due to:
a) Adenoma in Posterior Pituitary
b) Adenoma in Adrenal Gland
c) Adenoma in Anterior Pituitary
d) Astrocytoma
c) Adenoma in Anterior Pituitary
The mot common type of thyroid carcinoma is:
a) Papillary
b) Anaplastic
c) Medullary
d) Follicular
a) Papillary
All of the following features can be seen in simple glandular hyperplasia EXCEPT?
a) Hyperplasia of the endometrial glands
b) Inflammatory changes in the stroma
c) Scant stroma with increased number of crowded glands
d) Destruction of the basement membranes
d) Destruction of the basement membranes
Breast cancer is usually located in:
a) Upper outer quadrant of the breast
b) Lower inner quadrant of the breast
c) Subareolar region of the breast
d) Central region of the breast
a) Upper outer quadrant of the breast
Acute Pyelonephritis is NOT associated with:
a) Abscesses on the kidney surface
b) Diffusely hyalinised glomeruli
c) Renal Pelvis Hyperaemia
d) Mildly enlarged in size kidney
b) Diffusely hyalinised glomeruli
Berger’s Disease is associated with:
a) Lipohyaline deposition in the glomerulus
b) Plasma proteins deposition in the glomerulus
c) Deposition of the IgA antibody in the glomerulus
d) Fibrin deposition in the glomerulus
c) Deposition of the IgA antibody in the glomerulus
Chronic Myelogenous Leukaemia is associated with:
a) Enlarged Spleen, with multiple fresh and old infarctions
b) Enlarged, waxy spleen
c) Enlarged Spleen, with soft consistency and roughly granulated cut surface
d) Enlarged spleen, with greyish black cut surface
a) Enlarged Spleen, with multiple fresh and old infarctions
From the listed below, choose the most accurate microscopic features of the aplastic anaemia:
a) Normocellular bone marrow
b) Hypocellular bone marrow, bone marrow replaced by adipose tissue
c) Hypercellular bone marrow accompanied by megakaryocytic hyperplasia
d) Bone marrow with erythroid cells hyperplasia
b) Hypocellular bone marrow, bone marrow replaced by adipose tissue
All mentioned below are complications of myocardial infarction, EXCEPT:
a) Acute Myocardial aneurysm
b) Pericardial Adhesions
c) Cor Pulmonale
d) Papillary Muscle Rupture
c) Cor Pulmonale
Atherosclerosis affects all the mentioned below EXCEPT:
a) Arteries of the muscular-elastic type
b) Arteries of elastic type
c) Arterioles
d) The Aorta
c) Arterioles
Alzheimer is NOT characterised by:
a) Granulovacuolar degeneration
b) Proliferation of atypical astrocytes
c) Neuritic Plaques
d) Amyloid in the plaques
b) Proliferation of atypical astrocytes
Bacterial Meningitis is characterised by:
a) Purulent exudate in Leptomeninges
b) Haemorrhagic Infarction
c) Abscesses in Brain Parenchyma
d) Purulent Exudate in Ventricles
a) Purulent exudate in Leptomeninges
In Myeloma the kidney tubules are filled with:
a) myoglobin cylinders
b) haemoglobin cylinders
c) bilirubin
d) paraproteins
d) paraproteins
What are the histological changes in the uterine mucosa in spontaneous abortion?
a) Glandular Hyperplasia
b) Chronic Endometritis
c) Decidual Reaction, CV, Haemorrhages and Hypersecretory Glands
d) Atrophy of the Endometrium
c) Decidual Reaction, CV, Haemorrhages and Hypersecretory Glands
A 32 year old pregnant woman was found to be large for dates on physical examination and had no fetal heart tones audible at 18 weeks.
An ultrasound was performed and revealed that no fetus was present, only many echogenic cystic areas within the uterus, You should most strongly suspect:
a) invasive mole
b) partial hydatidform mole
c) Complete hydatidform mole
d) Choriocarinoma
c) Complete hydatidform mole
Histological Section from a 3cm mass found in the mandible of a 55-year old female reveal a tumour consisting of nests of tumour cells that appear dark and crowded at the periphery of the nests and loose in the centre (similar to the stellate reticulum of a developing tooth)
Grossly the lesions consists of multiple cysts filled with a thick, “motor-oil”-like fluid.
What is the correct diagnosis?
a) Pleomorphic Adenoma
b) Ameloblastoma
c) Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma
d) Adenoid Cyst Carcinoma
b) Ameloblastoma
Histologic Sections of a lung tissue reveals multiple suppurative, neutrophil-rich exudates that fill the bronchi and bronchioles and spill over into the adjacent alveolar spaces only.
The majority of lung tissue is not involved in this inflammatory process. Hyaline membranes are not found.
The histologic appearance best describes?
a) Pulmonary Abscess
b) Bronchiopneumonia
c) Lobar Pneumonia
d) Interstitial Pneumonia
a) Pulmonary Abscess
