MCP - Maimone - 2/9 - Intro to Carbohydrates Flashcards
This sugar is cleaved by which glycosidase?
A. isomaltase
B. lactase
C. maltase
D. sucrase
B. Lactase
The sugar shown is lactose, which is galactose and glucose connected by a ß 1,4 linkage.
Where does the digestion of sugar begin?
The small intestine
A patient with elevated levels of serum alpha-amylase most likely has a disorder of the:
Pancreas (pancreatitis)
What metabolic pathway is used to produce NADPH for biosynthetic reactions?
Pentose Phosphate Pathway
Glycogen stored in what tissue is used to maintain blood glucose levels during fasting?
Liver
Name this sugar.
What kind of “hexose” is this sugar?
ß-D-glucose, note anomeric C is facing up.
Glucose is an aldohexose, due to the terminal aldehyde group (C1) present in the Fisher projection.
Name this sugar.
alpha-D-glucose
Anomeric C is facing down.
What sugar is this?
What two sugars make up this disaccharide?
What kind of glycosidic bond is shown?
Maltose
Made of 2 units of glucose
alpha 1-4
Name this sugar.
What two sugars make up this disaccharide?
What kind of glycosidic bond is shown?
Lactose
Made of galactose (left) and glucose (right)
beta 1-4
List the major dietary carbohydrates.
Starch (made of amylose and amylopectin), lactose and sucrose.
Name this sugar.
Galactose (alpha-D-galactose)
This is a section of what polysaccharide.
This polysaccharide is a component of what major dietary carbohydrate?
What sugars make up this molecule?
What glycosidic bonds are shown here?
Amylopectin
A component of starch.
Glucose units joined by alpha 1-4 inkages, with alpha 1-6 branches.
Name this sugar.
What kind of “hexose” is this sugar?
Fructose (beta-D-fructose)
A ketohexose (ketone on C2 in Fisher projection)
What is the difference between glycogen and amylopectin?
Glycogen has the same basic structure as amylopectin, but is more highly branched (more alpha 1-6 bonds).
Name this sugar.
What are its component units?
What glycosidic bond is present?
Isomaltose
Made of 2 units of glucose
alpha 1-6 bonds