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PHARM 584 > mcp: endocrine > Flashcards

mcp: endocrine Flashcards

1
Q

Which thyroid hormone more potent?

A

T3

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2
Q

Which thyroid hormone more available?

A

T4

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3
Q

thyroid

A

Regulates metabolism, growth, development, and more

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4
Q

Hypothyroidism def

A

Deficient thyroid hormone production

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5
Q

Potential causes, hypothyroidism:

A

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Severe iodine deficiency
Congenital hypothyroidism

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6
Q

Hyperthyroidism def

A

Excess thyroid hormone production

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7
Q

Potential causes, hyperthyroidism:

A

Graves’ disease
Thyroid nodule
Postpartum thyroiditis

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8
Q

Hyperthyroidism

A 
Weight gain
Cold intolerance
Weakness
Fatigue
Hair loss
Decreased libido
Constipation
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9
Q

Hyperthyroidism

A 
Weight loss
Heat intolerance
Sweating
Increased heart rate
Irritability
Nervousness
Exophthalmos
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10
Q

Hypothyroidism treatment

A

Thyroid hormone replacement therapy

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11
Q

Hyperthyroidism treatment

A

Anti-thyroid medications
Radioactive iodine treatment
Surgical removal of thyroid gland

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12
Q

Levothyroxine MOA

A

Synthetic thyroid hormone

thyroxine (T4)

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13
Q

Levothyroxine dosing

A

Titration is necessary
Dose varies depending on the patient
Doses between 25-200 mcg per day common

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14
Q

Levothyroxine administration

A
  • Take in the morning on an empty stomach
  • 30-60 minutes before first meal of the day
  • Take with a full glass of water
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15
Q

Levothyroxine separation:

A

-Separate from the following by 4 hours:
Antacids
Iron supplements
Multivitamins

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16
Q

Levothyroxine side effects

A

Symptoms of hyperthyroidism

Decreased bone mineral density

17
Q

Levothyroxine drug interxn

A
  • Antacids, iron supplements, multivitamins (may decrease absorption of levothyroxine)
  • Warfarin
  • Amiodarone
18
Q

Levothyroxine Precautions/Warnings

A
  • cardiac arrhythmias and cardiac arrest
  • cardiovascular disease
  • older adults
  • Boxed Warning: should not be used to treat obesity or for weight loss
19
Q

Levothyroxine contraindications

A
  • Recent acute myocardial infarction

- Uncorrected adrenal insufficiency

20
Q

Levothyroxine time of effect

A

Symptomatic improvement within 2 weeks

May take 6-8 weeks to see normalized TSH levels

21
Q

Levothyroxine TSH level monitoring

A

Every 6-8 weeks until normalized
Every 8-12 weeks after dose changes
Every 6-12 months throughout therapy

22
Q

Levothyroxine discontinuation

A

Do not abruptly discontinue

23
Q

Osteoporosis population

A
  • Most commonly affects those over 50 years of age

- 80% of those affected are women

24
Q

Osteoporosis risk factors, demographic

A
  • Older age
  • Female
  • Caucasian or Asian
  • Family history of osteoporosis
25
Q

Osteoporosis risk factors, intake

A
  • Inadequate calcium and vitamin D intake
  • Smoking
  • Excessive alcohol intake
26
Q

Osteoporosis risk factors, others

A
  • Physical inactivity

- Certain illnesses and medications

PHARM 584 (11 decks)

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