McGuffin Skin Part 1

Question 1

what are the functions of the skin

Answer 1

absorption
protection
sensation
temperature regulation
vitamin D production

Question 2

epidermis is derived from what

Answer 2

ectoderm

Question 3

what is the most superficial part of the skin

Answer 3

epidermis

Question 4

the dermis is derived from what

Answer 4

mesoderm

Question 5

the hypodermic is derived from what

Answer 5

mesoderm

Question 6

what are rite ridges

Answer 6

epithelial extensions that project into the underlying connective tissue and mucous membranes

Question 7

the lung, liver, pancreas, digestive tubes are all derived from what

Answer 7

endoderm

Question 8

where is thick skin found

Answer 8

palmar surface of hands and fingers

plantar surface of the feet and toes

Question 9

in thick skin what is actually thicker

Answer 9

epidermis- specifically stratum corneum

Question 10

the stratum lucidum is found where

Answer 10

found in thick skin only

Question 11

what type of skin has lots of sweat glands

Answer 11

thick skin

Question 12

what type of skin has many hair follicles and melanocytes

Answer 12

thin skin

Question 13

meissner corpuscles respond to what

Answer 13

slow vibration

texture

Question 14

merkel cells respond to what

Answer 14

sustained pressure

touch

Question 15

pacinian corpuscle responds to what

Answer 15

deep pressure

fast vibration

Question 16

ruffini endings respond to what

Answer 16

sustained pressure

Question 17

what sense organs response to sustained pressure

Answer 17

merkel cells and ruffini endings

Question 18

what sense organ appears as an onion

Answer 18

pacinian corpuscle

Question 19

what sense organ is only found in thick skin

Answer 19

merkel cells

Question 20

merkel cells contain what in basal cytoplasm?

Answer 20

dense-core neurosecretory vesicles

Question 21

what is the outermost later of epithelium

Answer 21

stratum corneum

Question 22

what is desquamation?

Answer 22

the flaking off of dead keratinocytes appear as flattened keratinized flakes or squames of keratin

Question 23

what layer of the epidermis provides the wearing surface for the skin

Answer 23

stratum corneum

Question 24

what layer of the epithelium is a thin layer only present in thick skin

Answer 24

stratum lucidum

Question 25

what layer is a continuation of differentiation of keratinocytes from the stratum granulosum

Answer 25

stratum lucidum

Question 26

what layer do the keratinocytes become flattened

Answer 26

stratum granulosum

Question 27

where are keratohyalin granules formed

Answer 27

stratum granulosum

Question 28

what is a keratohyalin granule

Answer 28

synthesized from bundles of keratin cross-linked with filaggrin

Question 29

what gives the darkly basophilic granular appearance to the stratum granulosum

Answer 29

karatohyalin granules

Question 30

what do lamellar bodies do in the stratum granulosum

Answer 30

release lipid into intercellular spaces which seals the spaces b/w cells for waterproofing

Question 31

what layer of the epidermis is made up of squamous epithelial cells known as keratinocytes

Answer 31

stratum spinosum

Question 32

how are keratinocytes held together

Answer 32

desmosomes

Question 33

what gives the stratum spinosum the spindly kill cytoplasmic projections

Answer 33

intercellular bridges made by desmosomes

Question 34

desmosomes are also called what

Answer 34

macula adherens

Question 35

langerhan cells are what

Answer 35

``` immune cells derived from monocytes function as antigen presenting cells ```

Question 36

langerhan cells are found in what layers of the epidermis

Answer 36

all but mostly stratum spinosum

Question 37

what is keratin

Answer 37

protective protein made by keratinocytes

Question 38

lamellar bodies are waht

Answer 38

lipid-filled non-embrace bound structures synthesized by keratinocytes and stacked as lamellae

Question 39

what are melanin granules

Answer 39

pigments synthesized by melanocytes and taken up by keratinocytes

Question 40

stratum basale is made up of what

Answer 40

a single of cuboidal cells that attach to the basement membrane

Question 41

how is the stratum basal attached to the basement membrane

Answer 41

hemidesmosomes

Question 42

what cells are found in the stratum basale

Answer 42

keratinocyte stem cells | melanocytes

Question 43

melanin is synthesized from what

Answer 43

tyrosine

Question 44

melanocytes are derived from what

Answer 44

embryonic neural crest cells

Question 45

what are the forms of melanin

Answer 45

pheo-melanin: red-yellow | eu-melanin: brown-black

Question 46

what is the purpose of melanin

Answer 46

its protects DNA by absorbing the scattering UV radiation