MCA, Pedestrians, Falls, Blunt

Question 1

What is common mechanism of injury as a result of a motorcycle accident?

Answer 1

• Frontal, angular and ejection impact.

Question 2

What is the increase % of risk of head injury if a helmet is not worn?

Answer 2

• 300%

Question 3

What are MCAs at high risk of chemical or thermal burns?

Answer 3

• Their fuel tanks are easily corrupted in MCAs which can lead to those types of injuries.

Question 4

What occurs during a frontal Impact of a MCAS

Answer 4

• Primary object is struck and the inertia is transferred to the rider who continues forward until the secondary impact occurs.

Question 5

What are predictable injury patterns consist of?

Answer 5

• Compression injuries to the head chest and abdomen
• Femur fracturs – bilateral
• Pelvic fractures
• Peritoneal injury

Question 6

What injuries are seen in an Angular impact?

Answer 6

• Fracture to upper and lower extremities
• Injuries to abdominal cavity as a result of energy exchange
• Compression injuries to the affected side

Question 7

What factors need to be considered in a Pedestrian impact?

Answer 7

• Large % of these impacts are fatal
• Multi-system trauma should always be a consideration
• There is different pattern of injury for adults and paediatrics
• The velocity of the vehicle needs to be considered

Question 8

What are the three stages of impact in an Adult Pedestrian?

Answer 8

• Frist impact
  o Produces lower leg fractures
• Second impact
  o Produces fractures to the femur, pelvis, chest and spine
  o Also, intra-abdominal, intra-thoracic and head injuries
• Third impact
  o Produces significant shoulder, pelvis and spinal injuries.

Question 9

What injuries are seen in paediatric pedestrian injuries?

Answer 9

• Higher rate of head and lower limb injuries

- Most common type of chest injury is lung related

Question 10

What is good consideration for paediatric pedestrian MVAs?

Answer 10

• Size/height of child in relation to vehicles bumpers and hood

Question 11

What is injury potential to a full directly related too?

Answer 11

• The height of the fall

- The greater the height the greater for injury due to the increase in velocity as the patients falls

Question 12

What are falls greater from 3 times the height?

Answer 12

• Considered significant

Question 13

Tell me all relevant information to stabbing injuries?

Answer 13

• Low energy weapons
• Minimal cavitation
• The external wound produced may not be indicative of the path the object has taken and the amount of internal trauma that is produced.

Question 14

Tell me all relevant information about Medium energy weapons

Answer 14

• They offer a small projectile with moderate cavitation

Question 15

Tell me all relevant information about High velocity weapons

Answer 15

• Cause severe cavitation

Question 16

What are immediate deaths time frame and what usually occurs them?

Answer 16

• They occur within seconds to minutes of the initial injury

- Usually a result of damage to the brainstem, spinal cord and large vessels.

Question 17

What are Early deaths time frame and what usually occurs them?

Answer 17

• They occur within minutes to hours of injury

- Usually as a result of head injury or haemorrhage.

Question 18

What are late deaths time frame and what usually occurs them?

Answer 18

• They occur days to week after initial injury, in hospital generally.
• Usually as a result of sepsis or organ failure