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Anatomy > Mbj > Flashcards

Mbj Flashcards

1
Q

Which fontanelle takes the longest to close?

A

Anterior- closes 1-2 Yrs

Posterior closes 1st soon after birth

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2
Q

Functions of fontanelles

A
  1. Overlapping of bones in mounding
  2. Post natal development of skull bones
  3. Post natal development of brain

Present in angles of parietal bone

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3
Q

Sutures

A

Dense Connective Tissue between flat bones of the skull that form fibrous joints

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4
Q

Formation of brachicephalic vein

A

Internal jugular vein and subclavian vein forms brachiocephalic vein

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5
Q

Where does external jugular vein drain

A

Drains into subclavian vein

It is located in posterior triangle of the neck

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6
Q

Tributaries on internal jugular vein

A

Facial vein
Pharyngeal vein
Superior and middle and fourth thyroid veins
Lingual veins

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7
Q

What is the base of occipital triangle?

A

Inferior belly of omohyoid

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8
Q

What are the boundaries of carotid triangle?

A

Superior: inferior mandible
Inferior: superior belly of omohyoid
Anterior anterior median line
Posterior: anterior border of sternocleidomastoid muscle
Floor: muscle: middle and inferior constrictors, thyrohyoid and hyoglossus
Roof- skin, superficial fascia and investing layer of deep fascia

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9
Q

What are the lymph nodes located in the carotid triangle ?

A

Jugulodigastric- found below digastric muscle

Jugulomohyoid- found above inferior omohyoid

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10
Q

Function of infrahyoid muscles (strap)

A

Depression of hyoid bone ( elevation in swallowing and vocal movements)

Thyrohyoid-supplied by c1 through hypoglossal
Superior belly of omohyoid - descendend hypoglosi
Inferior belly of omohyoid, sternothyroid, sternohyoid

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11
Q

Relations of mylohyoid

A

Superficial- anterior belly of digastric, superficial part of submandibular gland , submental part of facial artery, mylohyoid nerve and vessels

Deep- hypoglossal muscle and it’s superficial relations: lingual nerve, styloglossusmuscle, submandibular ganglion deep part of submandibular gland,submandibular nerve and vessels, hypoglossal nerve and accompanying veins, and submandibular duct

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12
Q

What is regarded as the remnant of scalene minimums

A

Sibsons fascia

Scalene minimus hen present is located from c7 to first rib transverse process

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13
Q

Occipitalisation of atlas cause

A

Failure of segmentation between 4th occipital sclerotome and 1st spinal scelerotome

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14
Q

What are the primary curves of vertebral column?

A

Thoracic and sacral

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15
Q

Rectus sheath

A

Aponeurotic sheath formed by aponeurosis of eo,io,ta
Continuous abdominal wall and discontinuous posterior wall.

Contents- superior and inferior epigastric vessels, lower 6 intercostal nerves and subcostal nerves, rectus abdominal and pyrimidalis

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16
Q

Lateral inguinal fossa

A

Fossa lAteral to lAteral umbilical fold

Contains deep inguinal ring and area where indirect inguinal hernia occurs

17
Q

What is the inguinal canal?

A

Musculoaponeurotic tunnel from deep inguinal ring to superficial inguinal ring

Parallel to median inguinal ligament from ASIS to pubic tubercle.

A triangular fold presented above pubic crest from eo aponeurosis known as superficial inguinal ring where the external spermatic fascia margin extend over testes and spermatic duct

The inguinal canal is directed downwards, frontwards and medially.

Contents: round ligament, spermatic cord and ilioinguinal nerve

18
Q

Contents of spermatic cord

A

Pampiniform plexus
Testicular artery
Vas deferens
Cremasteric artery
Lymphatic vessels
Sympathetic plexus of nerves to testes and genitofemoral nerve
Remnants of processes vaginalis and connective tissue

19
Q

Fascia transversalis

A

Forms deep inguinal rings- internal spermatic fascia

Forms anterior border of femoral triangle

20
Q

Boundaries of inguinal canal

A

Anterior- skin,fascia, eo aponeurosis and laterally io
Posterior- fascia transversalis, conjoint tendon, reflected ligament of inguinal ligament
Roof- ta and io muscles u
Floor- median inguinal ligament and lacunar ligament
Inlet- deep inguinal ring
Outlet- superficial inguinal ring

21
Q

Coverings for spermatic cord, and cremasteric muscle derived from?

A

Transverse fascia—> internal spermatic fascia
IO and transverse abdominis—> cremasteric fascia
Eo—>external spermatic fascia

22
Q

Mechanisms preventing hernia in inguinal region

A
  1. Shutter valve- arches fibres of io and transverse abdominis
  2. flap valve-oblique canal
  3. Ball valve-cremasteric muscle
  4. Slit valve- contraction of eo closing 2 crura
  5. internal oblique anterior to deep inguinal ring
  6. Conjoint tendon and reflected inguinal ligament in front hasselbachs triangle
23
Q

Hesselbachs triangle

A

Weakness in triangular medial part of posterior abdominal wall..area susceptible to direct inguinal hernia

Boundaries
Lateral-inferior epigastric vessels
Medially- rectus abdominis muscle
Inferiorly- inguinal ligament

24
Q

Proximal carpal bones

A 
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrial
Pisiform 
Distal row-  trapezium, trapezoid, capitate,hamate
25
Q

Formation of wrist joint

A

Scaphoid and lunate (carpal proximal bones) articulate with lower ender(inferior surface) of radius

26
Q

What vessel is located between the two heads (origin) of sternocleidomastoid muscle

A

Internal jugular vein

Origin- medial 1/3 of superior border of clavicle and is tendinous
Superio-lateral part of the front maunbrium (musculoaponeurotic)

27
Q

Formation of great saphenous vein

A

Pre axial
Medial end of dorsal venous arch and medial marginal vein

Pierce’s cribiform fascia and drains into femoral vein

28
Q

What blends with the adventitia of the femoral vessels?

A

Femoral sheath
Extends 3-4 cm below
Femoral nerve is outside

29
Q

Femoral sheath

A

Anterior- transverse fascia

Posterior - fascia iliaca

30
Q

Widest nerve of body

A

Sciatica

31
Q

What pierces oblique popliteal ligament?

A

Geniculqr branch of obturator nerve

32
Q

All facial muscles except levator palpebral superioris supplied by

A

Facial nerve
Develop- 2nd bronchial arch
Levator palpebral superioris supplied by occulomotor

Posterior belly of digastric supplied by facial nerve

33
Q

Ligamentum flavum

A

Connects laminate

Anatomy (9 decks)

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