MBA Drills & Vocab Flashcards
Which theory is based on the assumption that human behavior is influenced more by unseen or unconscious forces rather than conscious and rational thoughts?
Psychoanalytical
What is the goal an individual would like to achieve during his / her lifetime referred to as?
Terminal value
The attitude of the employees with reference to the rules and regulations of an organization is called as what?
Discipline
What is the main focus of study of OB?
Human Behaviour
When individuals have similar likes and dislikes, they are known as a group of what type of group?
Peer Group
What are the three levels that OB can be observed in organizations?
Individual ,Group and Organizational
The basis of which model is power with a managerial orientation of authority?
Autocratic
Who introduced the concept of MBO ?
Peter Drucker
The feeling an employee gets when the job does fulfil all his expectation is referred as what?
Job Satisfaction
The extent to which a person is able to identify himself with his job is called as what?
Job Involvement
How many dimensions are there to job satisfaction?
Three
The extent to which a person considers himself to be capable and important is referred as what?
Self-Esteem
In theory X how did the manager perceive the workers ?
Lazy , with no motivation
What can be described as how a person affects others, how he understands and views himself and his pattern of inner and outer measurable traits?
Personality
If someone is afraid of spiders that person will then scream. This attitute is referred as what?
Behavioural Component
What is the ability to affect others for the sake of accomplishing only one goal is known as?
Machiavellianism
The productivity studies at Western Electric’s Hawthorne plant in the United States was conducted by whom?
Elton Mayo and Roethlisberger
The feelings of an employee towards his job, as well as his colleagues is referred to as what?
Attitudes
To change one’s attitude, people are often influenced by one of the following approaches; which one is this?
Friends and Peers
Who was the first person who attempted to study human behavior at work using a systematic approach?
Taylor
The belief of an individual that what happens is within or beyond his control is called what?
Locus of Control
The standards that an individual adopts when making an appraisal of someone or something is referred as what?
Values
Public relations officers, salesmen and receptionists are chosen mainly on the basis of which skill?
Communication skills
Which model of OB is based on leadership with a managerial orientation of support?
Supportive
The concept of an attitude comes from which study?
Social psychology
In which model are the employees towards security and benefits and are heavily dependent on the organization?
Custodial
The feeling of an employee regarding his job, supervisors, and fellow employees is referred to as what?
Attitudes
Theory X and Theory Y were propounded by who?
Douglas Mcgregor
People who are relaxed and easy-going would fall under which kind of personality?
Type B
Which skill is required to be successful in such jobs as those as sales representatives and public relations officers?
Tolerance
What is described as a structure driven process for integrating an organization’s personnel, information and technology?
Organization Design
What skill is considered direct and forceful?
Assertiveness
Which of the following is the main characteristic of a diverse workforce ?
Heterogenous
“According to Herzberg which of following factor is considered as hygiene factor?”
Company Policies
What should every leader have to conceptualise future of the organization?
Vision
Which OB model is based on power with a managerial orientation of authority?
Autocratic
Which theory is based on the assumption that human behaviour is influenced more by unseen or unconscious forces rather than conscious and rational thoughts?
Psychoanalytical
Control of information that other people need in order to achieve an essential objective is an example of which power?
Information Power
What do we call a relationship between people according to the network of personal and social relationships which originate from within the formal set-up?
Informal Organization
According to Managerial grid which leadership style is considered to be all time effective?
Team Management
Which legitimate power is based on the social norm?
Reciprocity
“From which ancient word does the term ‘Leadership’ comes from?”
Leith
Who is credited with bringing out the concept of the Hawthorne Effect?
Mayo
Which power is used by those who have a heightened need for power to modify behavior and exert influence?
Legitimate Power
According to which theory is the organization considered as a machine and the human beings as different components/parts of that machine?
Classical Theory
How many forces does Porter refer to in his Competitive Forces and Strategies ?
Five
Accommodating people’s needs by leaders and organizations is called as
Concern for people
What are the three needs proposed by McClelland’s theory of needs?
Power, Affiliation , Achievement
Which power is based on what one knows, experiences and special skills or talents?
Expert Power
What is the temporary alliance of two or more individuals or organizations that, for the shared objective, combine their efforts and resources?
Coalition
What are the realistic steps to accomplish the vision and aim of a company as planned referred as?
Operative goals
What are socially structured units composed of individuals called as ?
Organizations
On what basic foundation leadership is built upon?
Mission
To have a wider outlook, what should a leader encompass?
Knowledge of varied fields
Which of the following term describes “The firm seeking share of the market or market standing”?
Business
When there is a scarcity of the organization’s resources, different groups compete with each other to get a greater share of those resources. what does this refer to?
Competition
What is the name given to a system used to define a hierarchy within an organization?
Organization Structure
Which of the following refers to acquisition of the required material resources and financial resources?
Capital
The extent to which a person is able to identify himself with his job is called as what?
Job Involvement
What do we call two or more individuals, interacting and interdependent who have come together to achieve particular objectives ?
Group
Which is the initial phase of team development in which members of a group are introduced to others?
Forming
“Identify the name of the structure of jobs and functions which are defined by the management to achieve the objectives of an organization called as?”
Formal Organization
In which of the OB models does the manager play the role of a coach ?
Collegial
Who has created a series of metrics known as a balanced scorecard?
Robert S Kaplan and David P Norton
Promises of promotion, money and reward from many social sectors are an example of which kind of reward?
Impersonal
According to which theory is the organization considered as an open system that regularly interacts with the environment?
Modern Organizational Theory
Which of the following are examples of Group-level concepts in OB ?
Teams and conflicts
Which skill is required to be successful in such jobs as those as sales representatives and public relations officers?
Tolerance
What is the full form of SOPs?
Standard Operating Procedures
What is the goal an individual would like to achieve during his lifetime referred as?
Terminal value
Leaders need to know the demographic composition, culture of the organisation’s consumers and consumer patterns to design goods and services for unique populations, what does this attributes to?
Factors in sociology
Who propounded the Hierarchy of Needs Theory?
Abraham Maslow
What helps leaders to give competitive edge over others?
Innovation
Who recommended a “pull” rather than a “push” strategy to motivate employees?
Mary Parker Follet
Public relations officers, salesmen and receptionists are chosen mainly on the basis of which skill?
Communication skills
Which one is a one-dimensional diagram?
Bar diagram
Another name for a cumulative frequency polygon is:
Ogives
___________ include scales wherein the researchers ask the respondents for their relative preference between two or more objects.
Comparative scales
The broader classification of tables is into__________ types.
Two
__________ is the scale that contains absolute or true zero, which implies the absence of any trait.
Ratio
Histogram can be drawn only for:
Continuous frequency
Another name for a sector diagram is a:
Pie chart
What is the shape of a pie chart?
Circle
A polygon can be drawn from a:
Histogram
_____________ are the commonly used graphical presentations for the set of statistical distributions.
Frequency polygons
Ogives can help locate graphically the:
Median
The histogram is an efficient means for representing:
Median
In _________ scale, the variables are named or labelled in no specific order. This is the measurement scale in which numbers are assigned to things, beings or events to classify or identify or label them.
Nominal
Bar diagram is suitable for presenting:
Single variable
In ______________ approach of ranking scale, the respondents are asked to rank their choices according to their preferences.
Rank order
Mode = 3 Median−________ Mean
2
The sum of deviation of value from their mean is equal to:
0
Which of the following is not a common measure of central tendency?
Range
The mode of the numbers 8, 8, 10, 8, 10, 15, 15, 15, 10 is
8 and 10
Calculate Median from the following data set: 6, 4, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 4
4
The sum of squares of deviations of different values from their arithmetic mean is
Minimum
Which of the following is the geometric mean of 2, 4, and 8?
4
Which of the following is true?
Notation for mode is Z
Calculate median from the following data set: 5, 5, 11, 9, 8, 5, 8
8
The positional measure of central tendency
Median
The average of all the observations in a data set is known as:
Mean
If each item is reduced by 9, Arithmetic Mean is
Decreased by 9
Which of the following is the value that most often occurs in a dataset?
Mode
Which of the following is the mode (Z) when the following data is converted into an ordinary frequency table? 2 students get less than 4 marks 5 students get less than 8 marks 13 students get less than 12 marks 16 students get less than 16 marks 20 students get less than 20 marks
Z = 10
Q2 is ____________.
Median
Quartiles divide the entire set into ____________ equal parts.
Four
Quartiles are the values that divide a list of numerical data into ____________ quarters.
Three
The measures of dispersion can be used to study the dispersed values near the____________value.
Mean
The ____________can be calculated by dividing SD with the mean of the series.
Coefficient of SD
The ____________ is half of the distance between the third and the first quartile.
Quartile deviation
The average of the squared differences from the Mean is called ____________.
Variance
The coefficient of ____________ is a measure of relative variability.
Variation
An ____________ measures of dispersion contain the same unit as the original data set.
Absolute
Measures of dispersion are also known as the averages of the ____________.
‘Second order’
____________ represents the difference between the highest value and the lowest value in a data series.
Range
The ____________ is defined as a statistical measure that is used to calculate the average deviation from the mean value of the given data set.
Mean deviation
Lower quartile is denoted by ____________.
Q1
The probability of the intersection is called the_________probability.
Joint
Association with_________contributed to very slow and sporadic growth of probability theory as a mathematical discipline.
Gambling
The _________ had its origin in gambling and games of chance.
Theory of probability
In the binomial distribution, each trial is known as a _________ trial.
Bernoulli
Blaise Pascal and Pierre de Fermat emphasised the development of_________and probability theory.
Combinations
A_________for an event E is said to be the set of all outcomes which are not included in a particular set of outcomes for event E.
Compliment
A probability distribution is a summary of all probabilities for a value of _________variable.
Random
When the outcomes in a permutation can be repeated it can be referred to it as permutations with _________.
Repetition
The specific multiplication rule is simple but it is applicable only when two events are _________.
Independent
_________ is another event that occurs as a result of combining other events.
Union
Businesses work in an_________environment.
Uncertain
The_________distribution function is used when there are random variables occurring or random events occurring at a certain rate over some time.
Poisson
In probability theory, we have different_________rules under certain conditions namely specific rule and general rule.
Multiplication
A _________ refers to a number that exhibits the chance or likelihood that a certain event will happen.
Probability
The formula for the probability is:
Probability (P) = Favourable Outcome(s)
_______ correlation refers to the correlation between two data series in which the data is ranked.
Rank
Whenever one variable change in a particular direction, the change in another variable is _______ .
Inevitable
_______ is employed as a widely used and reliable method of analysing the linear relation between variants.
Correlation
When there is the relation between the variables, it has been said that the variables are _______ .
Correlated
A _______ correlation infers that two or more variables have a strong relationship with each other.
High
When the change in one variable results in the change in another variable in the same direction is it said to have _______ .
Positive correlation
Correlation refers to the_______ interrelatedness between two variables.
Linear
A _______ correlation implies that the variables are hardly associated.
Weak
A _______ diagram graphically presents the relation or the association without significantly, providing numerical value for comparison.
Scatter
_______ correlation is used to find the degree of the linear relationship between two variables.
Simple
When the change in one variable is in one direction but the change in another variable is just opposite to it, it is called as _______ .
Negative correlation
It is acceptable that there are various methods of establishing an association between the _______ .
Variable
Hypothesis t represents a tentative relationship between two or more ________ .
Variables
Hypothesis is a proposed explanation given for a/an ________ situation.
Observed
heprocedure to utilise test statistics to check whether a hypothesis is ________ is known as hypothesis testing.
TRUE
A hypothesis refers to an ________ that is made in the population parameter and a sample statistic is used to verify the same.
Assumption
________ test is a part of directional hypothesis that talks not only about the relationship between two variables but also the direction of relationship.
One-tailed
A ________ statement is derived from a problem statement.
Hypothesis
________ tests which make assumptions about the parameters of the population from which a sample is derived.
Parametric
________ is used to compare the ratio of variances of two samples under study.
F-test
A hypothesis refers to an assumption that is made in the population parameter and a ________ statistic is used to verify the same.
Sample
Hypothesis is a very useful ________ to solve various research problems and issues.
Tool
Hypothesis is a specificprediction, which can be ________ .
Tested
Hypothesis testing assists the researcher in deriving ________ results, as it takes into consideration the errors due to sampling.
Realistic
hypothesis is a very useful tool to solvevarious research ________ and issues.
Problems
A ________ statement cannot bedirectly tested.
Problem
The formation of a hypothesis helps the researcher remain focused on the ________ problem.
Research
A hypothesis should be clear and specific to facilitate a deep and ________ study.
Comprehensive
A hypothesis refers to an assumption that is made in the population and a sample statistic is used to verify the same.
Parameter
A ________ refers to an assumption that is made in the population parameter and a sample statistic is used to verify the same.
Hypothesis
A researcher ________ forms a hypothesis about a problem and then tests it to check its validity by using statistical measures.
First
Both hypothesis and problem statements arise from a ________ situation.
predefined
The procedure to utilise test statistics to check whether a hypothesis is true is known as hypothesis ________ .
Testing
A hypothesis should ________ define its topic.
Clearly
A hypothesis refers to an assumption that is made in the ________ parameter and a sample statistic is used to verify the same.
Population
A researcher first forms a hypothesis about a problem and then tests it to check its ________ by using statistical measures.
Validity
Hypothesis is formulated to solve the problem by testing it with the help of various tests of ________ .
Significance
MS between columns = SS between columns/( _______ – 1)
c
In ANOVA, one type of variation occurs due to:
Chance
In two-way ANOVA, there are _______ possible null hypotheses.
Two
_______ = MS between/MS within
F-ratio
_______ is used to study and explain the amount of variation in more than two samples or data sets.
ANOVA
In a chi-square test, first the researcher finds out the expected frequency on the basis of _______ .
Distribution
Chi-squared test is used for measuring how well the observed distribution of data fits with the expected distribution of data in case of:
Independent variables
In one-way ANOVA, if the value of F-ratio lies under the limits of acceptance region:
The null hypothesis is accepted and the alternate hypothesis is rejected.
The _______ is used to determine whether a substantial difference exists between the expected frequencies and the observed frequencies in one or multiple categories.
Chi-squared test
_______ is used when a researcher wants to test the differences between groups that have been split on the basis of two attributes or independent variables or factors.
One-way ANOVA
In chi-square test for _______ , two attributes are tested to find out whether they are associated with each other.
Independence
