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Clas 160B1 > May 14 Final Exam > Flashcards

May 14 Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

kinaidos

A
  • men who were sexually penetrated by other men

- cinaedus

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2
Q

fellator

A

-giver of oral sex to men

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3
Q

cunnilictor

A

-giver of oral sex to women

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4
Q

Ovid

A
  • poet

- wrote Metamorphoses, 15-book mythological narrative

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5
Q

Catullus

A
  • wrote in neoteric style of poetry
  • explicit writing style
  • leading equestrian family of Verona
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6
Q

Lesbia

A

-term used by Gaius to refer to his lover

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7
Q

Lucian

A

-writer of greek language

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8
Q

Alexander (prophet)

A
  • known as false oracle

- oracle of Aesculapius

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9
Q

Apuleius

A
  • wrote the Golden Ass

- survived entirely

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10
Q

Maccabees

A
  • the leaders of the Jewish rebel army that took control of Judea
  • ruled from 164 BCE- 63 BCE
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11
Q

Pharisees

A
  • comprised the ruling class of Israel
  • mostly middle-class businessmen
  • considered both oral and written word of God
  • denied resurrection of dead
  • denied afterlife
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12
Q

Zealots

A

-a member of Jewish sect aiming at a world Jewish theocracy and resisting the Romans until AD 70

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13
Q

Essenes

A
  • a sect of 2nd Temple Judaism that flourished from the 2nd century-1st century
  • some scholars claim seceded from the Zadokite priests
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14
Q

Sadducees

A
  • comprised the ruling class of Israel
  • aristocrats
  • worked hard to keep the peace
  • considered only the written Word to be from God
  • believed in resurrection of the dead
  • believed in the afterlife
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15
Q

Jesus

A

-central figure of Christianity

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16
Q

Paul

A

-an apostle who taught the gospel of Christ of the first-century world

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17
Q

Martial

A
  • Roman poet

- known for his 12 books of Epigrams

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18
Q

Pliny (the Younger)

A

-born Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus
-witness to the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 AD
-

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19
Q

Gregory of Tours

A

-wrote in a form of late Vulgar Latin
-wrote the “History of the Franks”
-

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20
Q

Julii

A
  • most ancient patrician families

- highest dignities of the state in the earliest times of the Republic

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21
Q

Vitruvius

A
  • roman author, architect and civil engineer in 1st centurty BC
  • known for his multi-volume work De Architectura
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22
Q

Arcagathus

A
  • 1st doctor in Rome
  • expert wound surgeon
  • his vigorous use of the knife and cautery soon earned him the title “Executioner”
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23
Q

Galen

A
  • prominent Greek physician, surgeon, and philosopher
  • influenced the development of various scientific disciplines, including anatomy, physiology, pathology, pharmacology, neurology, philosophy and logic
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24
Q

Euclid

A
  • Greek Mathematician
  • “Father of Geometry”
  • His Elements is one of the most influential works in history of math
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25
Q

Epicurus

A

-Greek philosopher
-founder of the school of Philosophy called Epicureanism
-

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26
Q

Ptolemy (astronomer)

A
  • 48 constellations
  • presented useful tool for astronomical calculations in his Handy Tables, it tabulated all the data needed to compute the positions of the Sun, Moon and planets
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27
Q

Vandals

A

-east Germanic tribe
-first heard of in southern Poland
-

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28
Q

Lucretius

A
  • Roman poet and philosopher
  • the epic philosophical poem On the Nature of Things (De rerum natura)
  • the tenets and philosophy of Epicureanism
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29
Q

Seneca

A

-a Roman Stoic philosopher , statesman, dramatist of the Silver Age of Latin literature
- tutor to emperor Nero
-

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30
Q

Constantine I

A
  • 1st Roman emperor to profess Christianity
  • initiated the evolution of the empire into a Christian state but also provided the impulse for a distinctively Christian Culture
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31
Q

Visigoths

A

-nomadic tribes of Germanic peoples (Goths)

-

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32
Q

Theodosius I

A
  • Roman emperor from 379-395

- last emperor to rule both the eastern and the western halves of the Roman Empire

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33
Q

Huns

A

-nomadic group of the people who lived in Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia between the 1st century AD and the 7th Century

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34
Q

Romulus Augustulus

A
  • Emperor reigning over the Western Roman Empire

- Last emperor

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35
Q

Zeno of Citium

A

-founder of the Stoic school of philosophy

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36
Q

Abonouteichos

A

-greek mystic and oracle

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37
Q

Tomis

A
  • remote town on the edge of the civilised world
  • Ovid banished to this town
  • Ovid exiled here
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38
Q

Judaea

A

-small province of the Roman Empire

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39
Q

Palestine

A

-is a geographic region in Western Asia between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River

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40
Q

Bithynia

A
  • an ancient region, kingdom and Roman province in the northwest of Asia Minor, adjoining the Propontis, the Thracian Bosporus and the Euxine Sea
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41
Q

Constantinople

A

-was the capital city of the Roman and Byzantine (330–1204 and 1261–1453), the Latin (1204–1261), and the Ottoman (1453–1922) empires

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42
Q

Colosseum

A
  • an elliptical amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Rome, Italy
  • largest in world
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43
Q

theatre of Pompey

A

-a structure in Ancient Rome built during the later part of the Roman Republican era

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44
Q

Art of Love

A
  • an instructional elegy series in three books by Ancient Roman poet Ovid
  • written in 2 AD
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45
Q

divination

A

-the attempt to gain insight into a question or situation by way of an occultic, standardized process or ritual

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46
Q

astrology

A

-consists of several pseudoscientific systems of divination based on the premise that there is a relationship between astronomical phenomena and events in the human world

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47
Q

defixio

A

-ancient form of curse or binding spell tat date back to the hellenistic period

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48
Q

amulet

A

-an ornament or small piece of jewelry thought to give protection against evil, danger, or disease

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49
Q

apotropaic image

A

-supposedly having the power to avert evil influences or bad luck

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50
Q

evil eye

A

-a curse believed to be cast by a malevolent glare, usually given to a person when they are unaware

51
Q

Glykon

A

-snake god, associated with the Greek prophet Alexander of Abonutichus

52
Q

mystery cult

A

-fascinate and capture imagination

-

53
Q

Isis

A

-means throne

54
Q

Golden Ass

A
  • the only Ancient Roman novel in Latin to survive in its entirety
55
Q

Cybele

A

-was an originally Anatolian mother goddess; she has a possible precursor in the earliest neolithic

56
Q

Mithras

A

-Persian god Mithra translated in greek

57
Q

Mithraeum

A
  • a large or small Mithraic temple, erected in classical antiquity by the worshippers of Mithras.
58
Q

Zoroastrianism

A
  • one of the world’s oldest monotheistic religions

- It was founded by the Prophet Zoroaster

59
Q

tauroctony

A
60
Q

Ahura Mazda

A
  • higher, uncreated spirit of Zoroaster

- the highest spirit of worship in Zoroastrianism

61
Q

Messianism

A
  • is the belief in a messiah, a savior or redeemer
62
Q

disapora

A

-a scattered population with a common origin in a smaller geographic area

63
Q

first Jewish War

A

-was the first of three major rebellions by the Jews of Judea Province (Iudaea) against the Roman Empire

64
Q

rabbinical Judaism

A

-has been the mainstream form of Judaism since the 6th century CE

65
Q

circus

A
  • applied by Romans to circular arenas for performances and contests and oval courses for racing
  • anywhere where running took place
66
Q

hippodrome

A
  • an ancient Grecian stadium for horse racing and chariot racing
  • horse track of the circus
67
Q

spina

A

-an Etruscan port city, established by the end of the 6th century BCE, on the Adriatic

68
Q

metae

A
  • a column or post

- placed at each end of racetrack to mark turning places

69
Q

quadriga

A

-a car or chariot drawn by 4 horses

70
Q

amphitheatre

A

-large, circular or oval open-air venues with raised seating – built by the Ancient Romans.

71
Q

murmillo

A
  • a type of gladiator during the Roman Imperial age
72
Q

retiarius

A

-a Roman gladiator who fought with equipment styled on that of a fisherman

73
Q

Samnite

A
74
Q

Thracian

A

-a group of Indo-European tribes inhabiting a large area in Southeastern Europe

75
Q

Circus Maximus

A

-an ancient Roman chariot racing stadium and mass entertainment venue located in Rome, Italy

76
Q

thermae

A

-large imperial bath complexes

77
Q

tepidarium

A
  • the warm bathroom of the Roman baths heated by a hypocaust or underfloor heating system
78
Q

calidarium

A

-was a room with a hot plunge bath, used in a Roman bath complex.

79
Q

frigidarium

A

a large cold pool of Roman baths

80
Q

On the Spectacles

A
  • aka De Spectaculis
  • a surviving moral and ascetic treatise by Tertullian. Written somewhere between 197-202, the work looks at the moral legitimacy and consequences of Christians attending the circus, theatre, or amphitheatre
81
Q

Pliny’s Letters

A
  • Pliny the younger wrote
  • that are of great historical value for the time period
  • his letters to Trajan provide one of the few surviving records of the relationship between the imperial office and provincial governors
82
Q

cursus honorum

A
  • “course of offices”
  • was the sequential order of public offices held by aspiring politicians in both the Roman Republic and the early Empire
83
Q

consul

A

-was the highest elected office of the Roman Republic and an appointive office under the Empire

84
Q

dictator

A

-a ruler with total power over a country

85
Q

proconsul

A

-a governor of a province in ancient Rome, having much of the authority of a consul

86
Q

praetor

A

-each of two ancient Roman magistrates ranking below consul

87
Q

proprietor

A

-after judges term would become a proprietor

88
Q

aedile

A
  • “temple building”

- an office of the Roman Republic

89
Q

censor

A

-either of two magistrates who held censuses and supervised public morals

90
Q

tribune

A

-an official in ancient Rome chosen by the plebeians to protect their interests

91
Q

quaestor

A
  • any of a number of officials who had charge of public revenue and expenditure
92
Q

senate

A

-the state council of the ancient Roman republic and empire, which shared legislative power with the popular assemblies, administration with the magistrates, and judicial power with the knights

93
Q

comitia curiata

A
  • a popular assembly
  • was summoned by the lictors until the late republic
  • oldest
  • mostly ceremonial
  • hosted clan functions
94
Q

Doric order

A
  • columns are the simplest and plainest

- have no base

95
Q

comitia tributa

A
  • assembly of tribes
  • supreme power in the Roman Republic was the assembly which was made up of all the citizens of Rome
  • elected some officials
  • only open to plebeians
96
Q

comitia centuriata

A
  • assembly of centuries
  • Ancient Roman military assembly, instituted c. 450 bc
  • elected officials
  • can declare war
  • court of appeal for death sentences
97
Q

druidism

A

-the religion of the Celtic people that was administered by priests and priestesses called Druids

98
Q

History of the Franks

A

-raided Roman territory

-

99
Q

Ionic order

A

-more elaborate and complicated style columns

100
Q

Tuscan column

A

-column had a simpler base circular rather than squared as in the other orders

101
Q

Corinthian order

A
  • slender

- distinctive carved capital

102
Q

concrete

A
  • The Colosseum in Rome was built largely of concrete

- the concrete dome of the Pantheon is the world’s largest unreinforced concrete dome

103
Q

De Architectura

A
  • written by Vitruvius

- most important sources of modern knowledge of Roman building methods

104
Q

firmitas

A

-

105
Q

utilitas

A

-

106
Q

venustas

A

-Latin word for beauty

107
Q

Asclepius

A

-a god of medicine in ancient Greek religion

108
Q

vivisection

A

-the practice of performing operations on live animals for the purpose of experimentation or scientific research

109
Q

The Republic

A

-written by Plato around 380 BC, concerning the definition of justice, the order and character of the just city-state

110
Q

Epicureanism

A

-a system of philosophy based upon the teachings of the ancient Greek philosopher Epicurus, founded around 307 BCE

111
Q

Stoicism

A

-an ancient Greek school of philosophy founded at Athens by Zeno of Citium

112
Q

476 AD

A

-Decline of the Roman Empire

113
Q

On the Nature of Things

A

-a first-century BC didactic poem by the Roman poet and philosopher Lucretius (c. 99 BC – c. 55 BC) with the goal of explaining Epicurean philosophy to a Roman audience

114
Q

Byzantine Empire

A
  • was the predominantly Greek-speaking continuation of the eastern part of the Roman Empire during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages
115
Q

hedonism

A

-a school of thought that argues that pleasure is the primary or most important intrinsic good

116
Q

Meditations

A
  • a series of personal writings by Marcus Aurelius, Roman Emperor 161–180 CE, setting forth his ideas on Stoic philosophy
117
Q

Franklin Empire

A

-

118
Q

battle of Adrianople

A
  • was fought between a Roman army led by the Roman Emperor Valens and Gothic rebels led by Fritigen
  • ended with a victory for the Goths and the death of Emperor Valens
119
Q

papyrology

A
  • the study of ancient literature, correspondence, legal archives
  • as preserved in manuscripts written on papyrus.
120
Q

papyrus

A
  • thin paper-like material made from the pith of the papyrus plant
  • the most common form of writing material in the ancient civilizations of Egypt, Greece, and Rome
121
Q

Heiroglyphics

A
  • were a formal writing system used by the ancient Egyptians that combined logographic and alphabetic elements.
122
Q

Aramaic

A

-one of the Semitic languages, an important group of languages known almost from the beginning of human history

123
Q

Demotic

A

-the ancient Egyptian script derived from northern forms of hieratic used in the Nile Delta, and the stage of the Egyptian language

124
Q

Coptic

A
  • the latest stage of the Egyptian language, a northern Afro-Asiatic

Clas 160B1 (4 decks)

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