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RE > Matters of life and death > Flashcards

Matters of life and death Flashcards

1
Q

Abortion

A

The artificial termination if an unborn foetus before it can survive

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2
Q

Quality of life

A

The idea that life must have some benefits to be worth living

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3
Q

Euthanasia

A

The painless killing of someone dying from a painful illness

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4
Q

Voluntary euthanasia

A

Ending life painlessly when someone in great pain asks for death

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5
Q

Non-voluntary euthanasia

A

Ending someone’s life painlessly in their best interest when they are incapable of asking eg. Turning if the life support machine

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6
Q

Assisted suicide

A

Helping a seriously ill person with the means to commit suicide

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7
Q

Near-death experience

A

When someone about to die has an out of body experience

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8
Q

Paranormal

A

Unexplained things which are linked to the spiritual world eg. Mediums and ghosts

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9
Q

Reincarnation

A

When souls after death are reborn in a new body

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10
Q

Resurrection

A

When after death, the body stays in the grave until the end of the world when it is raised

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11
Q

Immortality if the soul

A

The idea that the soul lives in after death

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12
Q

Sanctity of life

A

The belief that God created all life and that therefore it is holy

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13
Q

What are examples of a near death experience?

Why is it seen as evidence for a life after death?

A
  • This happens when people are clinically dead for a period of time and then come to life
  • frequently quoted in near-death experiences are: feelings of peace and joy, seeing a bright light and entering another world
  • some people see this as entering the life after death and heaven and hell
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14
Q

What is the evidence for a spirit world?

A

Ghosts and ouija boards appear to give evidence of spirits and souls surviving the death of the body; but the clearest evidence comes from mediums who claim to have the gift of communicating with the dead and can tell them things they would never know proving an afterlife

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15
Q

What is the evidence for reincarnation?

A
  • includes past-life memories, déjà vu and child prodigies

- proves that there is a life after death as there is no other way

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16
Q

Why do some non-religious people believe in the afterlife?

A
  • there is no where for souls or spirits to exist
  • different religions have different views about life after death-if it was true they would all think the same
  • no reliable scientific evidence
  • we recognise people by their bodies-can’t recognise a soul
  • scientific evidence proves that the mind cannot exist without the brain
  • they have had no experience of life after death
17
Q

Christian attitudes to life after death:

A

Believe in heaven and hell
BECAUSE
-all the Christian churches teach in a life after death
-many believe that life is just the test to see whether people will go to heaven or hell
-Jesus rose from the dead so there is an afterlife
-Jesus taught that he would return at the end of the world for final judgement day to tell them to go to heaven or hell

18
Q

How do Christian beliefs about life after death affect their lives?

A
  • try to live a good life in order to go to heaven not hell
  • follow the Ten Commandments including love thy neighbour and do not steal
  • complete charity work to help those less fortunate
  • avoid committing sins and be sorry for any sins they do commit so that they can hope for forgiveness
19
Q

Why do Muslims believe in a life after death?

A
  • the Qur’an teaches that there is a life after death and it is the word if Allah so they follow this
  • Muhammad taught there was a life after death and this is the word of the perfect Muslim
  • it is one of the 6 fundamental beliefs if Islam
  • believe that life is a test from Allah- only those who lead a good life will go to paradise
20
Q

How do Muslim beliefs of an afterlife affect their life?

A
  • try to lead good Muslim lives to avoid going to hell
  • following the 5 pillars of Islam including praying 5 times a day
  • Muslims should only eat halal food, do not drink alcohol or gamble etc.
  • all Muslims are buried after death rather than cremated and nothing is removed from the body in order to be resurrected on the final judgement day
21
Q

What is the UK laws in abortion?

A

An abortion can be carried out up until the 24 week of the pregnancy if any two doctors agree that:

  • the mothers life is at risk
  • risk of injury to the mothers metal/emotional health
  • having another child would risk the welfare of other existing children
  • their is an extreme risk that the child could be severely handicapped
22
Q

Why is abortion a controversial issue?

A
  • different opinions on when life begins, or when it becomes murder
  • whose rights are more important the mothers or the child’s?
  • due to advances in health care and technology some babies born at 22-24 weeks have survived
  • should medical staff be forced to carry out abortions
23
Q

What is the Christian view on abortion?

A

The catholic teaches that abortion is wrong in any circumstances BECAUSE:

  • sanctity of life- God created life and it is holy
  • believe that life starts at conception-when sorry meets egg
  • they believe that the human has a right to live- includes the unborn foetus
  • believe that adoption is a better solution

Other Christians believe that abortion is wrong but should be allowed in certain circumstances eg. Rape BECAUSE

  • love thy neighbour
  • ten commandments “shall not commit murder”
  • lesser of two evils
  • do not believe that life starts at conception
24
Q

What are the Muslim attitudes to abortion?

A

It is discouraged but permitted up to 120 days when they believe the soul enters the body BECAUSE:

  • the shariah law states that life of the mother is more important than the foetus and it will cause more suffering
  • it may have a poor quality of life

Some believe that is is wrong in any circumstance BECAUSE:

  • the soul was given at the moment of conception
  • the Qur’an teaches that murder is wrong

Some believe that abortion is wrong, but should be used if the mothers life is at risk BECAUSE:
-the Qur’an bans abortion but the sharia law says the mothers lIfe is more important

25
Q

What is the British law of euthanasia?

A

All methods of euthanasia can lead to a charge if murder

The law now agrees that withdrawing or withholding treatment are passive euthanasia and are acceptable as they allow someone to die peacefully, rather than bringing about their death

26
Q

Why is euthanasia a controversial issue?

A
  • due to advances in technology a cure can be found to the illness preventing their death
  • it could be very difficult for the authorities to control causing them to miss accounts of murder
  • role of doctors to save lives not end them
  • the person may not be in the right frame of mind and may later have changed their mind when it will be too late
27
Q

Why do some people want euthanasia to be made legal BECAUSE:

A
  • advances in medicine have led to people being kept alive who would normally have died, but their quality of life is appalling
  • turning off a life support machine is legal but it’s a form of euthanasia
  • people have the free will to make their own decision on whether they want to live or not
  • basic human rights to be able to end a poor quality of life
28
Q

What are the Christian attitudes to euthanasia?

A

The Catholic Church accept no form of euthanasia but agree in switching of the life support machine BECAUSE:

  • they believe in the sanctity of life and that life is holy to God
  • murder is forbidden in the Ten Commandments
  • if a doctor says that they are brain dead then they have already died so it is acceptable
  • giving painkillers is acceptable as the main aim is to reduce pain not end life

Other Christians believe any form of euthanasia is wrong, including switching off the life support machine and giving pain killers that could shorten life BECAUSE:

  • the bible bans suicide and murder in the Ten Commandments
  • it should be gods decision as he created life
  • sanctity of life- holy
  • against gods plan

A few Christians accept limited use of euthanasia BECAUSE:

  • love thy neigbour
  • Lesser if two evils
  • Modern science means we can no longer be sure of gods wishes
  • living wills give people the chance to make their decision in treatment which is a human right
29
Q

What are the Muslim views on euthanasia?

A

Many Muslims are against any form of euthanasia BECAUSE:

  • the Qur’an teaches that suicide is wrong and that it results in hell
  • life is given by Allah and therefore they should not go against Allah
  • believe that life is a test, seen as cheating and can result in hell
  • goes against Allah’s plan

Some Muslims accept the switching off if the life support machine BECAUSE:

  • some Muslim lawyers have agreed that life support machines can be switched off if the doctor informs them that they are already dead
  • believe that Allah has already taken life so it is acceptable

RE (4 decks)

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