Matter And Mixtures

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

Anything that occupies space and has mass

Question 2

Mass

Answer 2

Is the amount of matter in an object

Question 3

3 states of matter

Answer 3

Solids , liquids and gases

Question 4

Properties of solids

Answer 4

Solids have a definite shape

Solids have a definite volume

Solids cannot be compressed

Solids cannot flow

Question 5

Properties of liquids

Answer 5

Liquids have a definite shape

Liquids have a definite volume

Liquids cannot be compressed

Liquids can flow

Question 6

Properties of gases

Answer 6

Gases have no definite shape

Gases have no definite volume

Gases can be compressed

Gases can flow

Question 7

Heat Energy

Answer 7

In order for a substance to change state ( from a solid to a liquid, or liquid to a gas ) it needs heat energy

Question 8

Latent heat

Answer 8

As a substance changes state , it uses latent heat . There is no change temperature , but the state of the material changes

Question 9

The melting point

Answer 9

Is when both the solid and liquid state exist together ( changing from a solid to a liquid ) .

Question 10

The boiling point

Answer 10

Of a liquid is when evaporation begins to happen throughout the liquid ( changing from a liquid to a gas ) .

Question 11

Condensation

Answer 11

Is the changing of a gas to a liquid .

Question 12

Diffusion

Answer 12

Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 13

The fourth state of matter

Answer 13

Plasma is the fourth state of matter , like gas , but can conduct electricity .

Question 14

Physical change

Answer 14

No change in particles , just the particle arrangement and energy, easy to reverse e.g mixing water and salt

Question 15

Chemical change

Answer 15

A chemical reaction takes place and a new substance is formed, very difficult to reverse e.g burning a match

Question 16

During a chemical reaction

Answer 16

the atoms
rearrange to form a new substance. Might be seen by colour change, temperature
change, light being emitted or bubbles.

Question 17

Law of conservation of mass

Answer 17

Matter can be changed from one form to
another. During physical and chemical
changes, there is no overall change in mass

Question 18

Mixture

Answer 18

A mixture consists of two or more
substances mingled together but not
chemically combined e.g. sand and water .

Question 19

There are four methods of separating mixtures

Answer 19

1. Filtration
2. Evaporation
3. Distillation
4. Chromatography

Question 20

Filtration

Answer 20

Used to separate small insoluble
solids (do not dissolve in a liquid)
from a liquid by using filter paper
and a funnel to trap the solids. E.g.
sand and water.

Question 21

Evaporation

Answer 21

Used to separate soluble solids
(dissolve in liquids) from a
solution by evaporating off the
liquid to leave the solids. E.g. salt
water.

Question 22

Distillation

Answer 22

Used to separate two liquids with
different boiling points such as
alcohol (boils at 78°) and water
(boils at 100 °). Also used to
separate a soluble solid from a
Jamis deF
. seawater) to give a pure sample of each

Question 23

Chromatography

Answer 23

Used to separate a mixture of
dissolved substances in a
solution. E.g. the different
colours in a black marker

Question 24

Insoluble

Answer 24

does not dissolve in a liquid

Question 25

Soluble

Answer 25

dissolves in a liquid

Question 26

Residue

Answer 26

the soil left in the filter paper after filtration

Question 27

Filtrate

Answer 27

the clean water that comes after filtration

Question 28

Solvent

Answer 28

the liquid that a solid is dissolved into

Question 29

Solute

Answer 29

the solid that is left behind after evaporation

Question 30

Distillation

Answer 30

Miscible - Liquids that mix together e.g. alcohol and

Question 31

Miscible

Answer 31

Liquids that mix together e.g. alcohol and water

Question 32

Liebig condenser

Answer 32

piece of equipment used in
distillation in which cool water flows to condense steam to water

Question 33

Chromatogram

Answer 33

Chromatogram - chromatography paper with separated ink

Question 34

Reactant

Answer 34

chemicals that react together in a chemical reaction

Question 35

Products

Answer 35

the substances formed after a chemical reaction