Human Reproductive System And Genetics Flashcards
Testes
The testes produce sperm
Scrotum
The scrotum is where the testes are , it is located outside the body to ensure the temperature is lower than body temperature for healthy sperm
Epididymis
The epididymis is a coiled tube on the outside of each testis that stores sperm and allows them to mature fully
Vas deferents
The vast majority of deferents ( sperm duct ) brings the sperm from the testes to the penis
Puberty
Puberty describes when the body starts
becoming sexually mature (reproductive
organs develop). It normally happens
between the ages of 10 and 16
Male puberty
Male puberty: In males, sex hormones
(testosterone) are released causing the
voice to deepen, hair grows around the
sex organs, face, chest and underarms,
the testes and penis grow bigger and start
to produce sperm
Female puberty
Female puberty: In females when the sex
hormones (oestrogen and progesterone)
are released the breasts develop, hips
widen, and hair begins to grow on the
body
• The first egg is released from the ovaries
which leads to the first period occurring
• An egg will be released every month until
the menopause
During intercourse the man’s
During intercourse the man’s penis fills
with blood and becomes hard enough to
be placed inside the woman’s vagina
Semen
A mixture of sperm cells and seminal fluid
called semen is released into the vagina
The sperm swim
The sperm swim up the uterus and into
the fallopian tubes
Fertilisation
Fertilisation: If an egg is present in the
fallopian tube, and a couple have sexual
intercourse, then one of the sperm cells
may fuse with it
Fertilised egg
The nuclei of the sperm and egg fuse
together to form a fertilised egg
• The woman is now pregnant
Zygote → Embryo → Foetus
• Egg and sperm fuse to form a single
• → Zygote
• Cell division occurs and growth
• → Embryo, which attaches to the lining of
the uterus (implantation) grows more, and
after 8 weeks looks like a human
• →Foetus
Amniotic fluid
As the embryo develops in the uterus it is
protected inside a bag of fluid called
amniotic fluid
Umbilical cord
• A tube called the umbilical cord joins the
embryo to the placenta