Matter And Mixtures

Question 1

Matter. Mass.

Answer 1

Anything that occupies space and has mass. Mass is the amount of matter in an object.

Question 2

3 states of matter

Answer 2

Solids
Liquids
Gases

Question 3

Properties of solids

Answer 3

1. Solids have a definite shape.
2. Solids have a definite volume.
3. Solids cannot be compressed.
4. Solids cannot flow.

Question 4

Properties of liquids

Answer 4

Liquids have no definite shape
Liquids have a definite volume
Liquids cannot be compressed
Liquids can flow

Question 5

Gases

Answer 5

Gases have no definite shape
Gases have no definite volume
Gases can be compressed
Gases can flow

Question 6

Energy

Answer 6

In order for a substance to change state (from a solid liquid,or liquid to a gas) it needs heat energy.
As a substance changes state, it uses latent heat. There is no change to temperature, but the state of the material changes.

Question 7

The melting point

Answer 7

Is when both the solid and liquid state exist together(changing from a solid to a liquid)

Question 8

The boiling point

Answer 8

Of a liquid is when evaporation begins to happen throughout the liquid (changing from a liquid to a gas

Question 9

Condensation

Answer 9

Is the changing of a gas to a liquid

Question 10

Physical change

Answer 10

No change in particles, just the particle arrangement and energy, easy to reverse e.g. mixing water and salt.

Question 11

Chemical change

Answer 11

A chemical reaction takes place and new substance is formed, very difficult to reverse e.g. burning a match.

Question 12

During a chemical reaction

Answer 12

The atoms rearrange to form a new substance. Might be seen by colour change, temperature change, light being emitted by bubbles

Question 13

Law of conservation of mass

Answer 13

Matter can be changed from one form to another. During physical and chemical changes, there is no overall change in mass.

Question 14

A Mixture

Answer 14

Consists of two or more substances mingled together but not chemically combined e.g. sand and water.

Question 15

There are four methods of separating mixtures:

Answer 15

1.Filtration
2.Evaporation
3.Distillation
4.Chromatography

Question 16

Filtration

Answer 16

Used to separate small insoluble solids (do not dissolve in liquid) from a liquid by using filter paper and a funnel to trap the solids. E.g. sand and water.

Question 17

Evaporation

Answer 17

Used to separate soluble solids (dissolve in liquids) from a solution by evaporating off the liquid to leave the solids. E.g. salt water.

Question 18

Distillation

Answer 18

Used to separate two liquids with different boiling points such as alcohol (boils at 78 degrees) and water boils at (100 degrees). Also used to separate a soluble solid from a liquid (e.g. seawater) to give a pure sample of each.

Question 19

Chromatography

Answer 19

Used to separate a mixture of dissolved substances in a solution. E.g. the different colours in a black marker.