Matter

Question 1

classify

Answer 1

to sort or put in categories

Matter can be classified by its physical properties.

Question 2

conductor

Answer 2

any material that allows energy to pass through it.

All metals are conductors of thermal and electrical energy. Glass is a conductor of thermal energy only.

Question 3

density

Answer 3

the measure of how tightly packed molecules in matter are.

Matter with a great density will not float.

Question 4

electric energy

Answer 4

The energy created by moving electrons.

Electric energy is used to power many of our tools.

Question 5

gas

Answer 5

a state of matter that has no volume and no shape.

The air we breathe is made of many gases.

Question 6

insulator

Answer 6

Any matter that will not allow energy to pass through it.

Plastic, Styrofoam and rubber are the most common insulators of electrical and thermal energy.

Question 7

liquid

Answer 7

Matter that has a specific volume but no specific shape.

Water, gasoline, juice, and bleach are all examples of liquids.

Question 8

magnetism

Answer 8

The pulling force of a magnet.

Only two metals are magnetic - iron and steel.

Question 9

mass

Answer 9

The amount of matter in a substance. It can be measured on a balance.

The mass of a paperclip is about 1 gram.

Question 10

Physical properties

Answer 10

The different ways matter can be described.

Magnetism, conductivity, density, physical state, solubility, texture, color, size and shape are some common physical properties used to classify matter.

Question 11

physical state

Answer 11

one of three forms matter can take - solid, liquid, and gas.

Water easily changes its physical state by heating and cooling it.

Question 12

solid

Answer 12

the physical state of matter that has a specific volume and shape.

Salt is a solid. The individual grains have a small volume and are shaped like cubes.

Question 13

solubility / soluble

Answer 13

the ability to be dissolved.

Salt and sugar are very soluble solids. They easily dissolve in water.

Question 14

thermal energy

Answer 14

heat

By adding thermal energy, we can change ice into water

Question 15

dissolve

Answer 15

to spread out evenly in another substance and no longer be seen.

Sugar dissolves easily in water. You can no longer see it, but it is evenly flavored throughout all of the water.

Question 16

boiling point

Answer 16

The temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas.

The boiling point for water is 100* C.

Question 17

freezing point

Answer 17

The temperature at which a liquid becomes a solid.

The freezing point of water is 0* C.

Question 18

Melting point

Answer 18

The temperature at which a solid BEGINS to melt.

The melting point for water is the same as its freezing point; 0*C.

Question 19

temperature

Answer 19

the measure of thermal energy in a substance.

Question 20

mixture

Answer 20

any combination of two or more substances

Cereal and milk is a mixture that many people love to eat. Pens and pencils are a mixture that many people have on their desks.

Question 21

sieve / filter

Answer 21

a strainer or device used to separate matter by the size of the particles.

An air filter separates dirt and air. A sieve separates sand and water. A coffee filter separates solid coffee grounds from the liquid coffee.

Question 22

evaporation

Answer 22

The process where thermal energy is added to a liquid and the particles spread out and become vapor.

When water reaches its boiling point, it evaporates and becomes water vapor.

Question 23

condensation / condensing

Answer 23

The process where a gas loses thermal energy and becomes a liquid.

Condensation happens when a cloud is formed and also when warm air touches a cool drink.

Question 24

freezing

Answer 24

The process when a liquid loses thermal energy and becomes a solid.

Water that loses thermal energy and reaches 0*C will freeze and become a solid we call ice.

Question 25

melting

Answer 25

the process where a solid gains thermal energy and becomes a liquid.

Ice that reaches 0* C will begin to melt and become water. If it reaches temperatures higher than 0* C, it will melt faster.

Question 26

solution

Answer 26

a special mixture in which one or more ingredients are dissolved in another.

Lemonade, ocean water and sweet tea are all examples of solutions. The air we breathe is also a solution.