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Physical Science > Matter > Flashcards

Matter Flashcards

1
Q

Element

A

A substance made from only one type of atom cannot be broken down into simpler substances

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2
Q

Compound

A

A compound is a chemical substance that contains two or more atoms chemically bonded together

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3
Q

Mixture

A

A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that can be separated

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4
Q

Diatomic

A

Can be a molecule or compound that consists of two atoms which are the same type

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5
Q

Name all the diatoms

A

H² O² F² Cl² Br² I² N²

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6
Q

Characterstics of alkali metal

A

They are shiny soft metals
they are very reactive
they are soft enough to cut with a knife
low melting point
low densities
react easily with halogens

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7
Q

Characteristics of alkaline Earth metals 6

A

They are good conductors of electricity
they are highly reactive and form divalent cations
they’re all silvery white shiny metals low-density
they have low melting points compared to other metals
Relatively strong and soft

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8
Q

Alkali earth metals

A

They are good conductors of electricity
they are highly reactive and often form divalent cations
they are all silvery white shiny metals relatively soft and strong
Low melting points compared to other metals loaded cities

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9
Q

Noble gas 6

A

Non flammable
odourless
colourless
tasteless
low melting and boiling points
they are the least reactive elements

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10
Q

Halogens

A

They are all fairly toxic
they are highly reactive
they all form acid when combined with hydrogen
colorless
non metal
low melting point

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11
Q

Transitional metals

A

They are good conductors of heat and electricity
high melting point and boiling points high densities and hardness
they have a variety of oxidation states
they can be hammered or bent into shape easily
they have large charges

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12
Q

Complex polyatomic ions

A

These are charged molecules are compounds consisting of two or more atoms

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13
Q

Examples of polyatomic

A

Nitrate ion NO³-
Carbonate ion CO²-
Ammonium ion NH⁴+
Hydroxide ion OH-
Sulfate ion SO4 ²-

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14
Q

Chemical change

A

It’s a change in which a new substance is formed all is well a substance undergoes a change to form a new chemical substance

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15
Q

Physical change

A

Is a change in which no new substance is formed or is when a substance undergoes a change but no new chemical substance is formed

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16
Q

Examples of chemical change

A

Digestion
cooking food
burning (combustion)
photosynthesis
rusting
decomposition

17
Q

Examples of physical change

A

Change in size or shape( expansion compressibility)
a change in state (melting freezing condensation evaporation)
a solution is made (salt dissolves in water or sugar dissolves in water
a mixture is made (sand and iron filling or beans and stones)

18
Q

Different kinds of reactions

A

Synthesis reaction
combustion reaction
decomposition reaction

19
Q

Synthesis reaction

A

Is a build up reaction or is when two substances combined to form a new substances

20
Q

Explain the formula of Iron sulfate

A

Iron+ sulfur

21
Q

Photosynthesis

A

Carbon dioxide+water ->glucose+water+energy

22
Q

Endothermic reaction

A

Is when energy is absorbed and is a reaction where temperature falls and energy is taken in absorbed

23
Q

What are the examples of an endothermic reaction

A
  1. Photosynthesis-light energy is taken in installed by plants as chemical potential energy
  2. Neutralization-a reaction between sodium and hydrogen carbonate and hydrochloric acid
  3. Sodium hydrogen carbonate plus hydrochloric acid equals to sodium chloride + carbon dioxide + water
    Refrigerators
24
Q

Exothermic reaction

A

It is a reaction where temperature rises when energy is taken out or releaseed

25
Q

Examples of exothermic reaction

A

In exothermic reaction like burning initial energy needed to start up a reaction is called activation energy

26
Q

What is fermation and what is the word equation for fermation

A

Is a process used to make alcohol from sugar and yeast
Yeast plus sugar is equal to carbon dioxide + alcohol

27
Q

Decomposition reaction

A

Is a reaction where a substances splits or breaks down to more products or is the breaking up or compounds by heating into simplest substances

28
Q

What is the word equation for respiration

A

Glucose food plus oxygen is equal to carbon dioxide + water + energy

Physical Science (5 decks)

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