Acids Alkalis (Bases) Metals And Non Metals Flashcards
Weak acids
This is acids with less hydrogen ions the PH value range from 4 to 6
Examples of weak acids
Acetic acid (vinegar)
Carbonic acid (fizzy drinks)
Lactic acid (sour milk)
Citric acid (lemon and orange)
Strong acids
This is acids with more hydrogen ions the pH range form 1 to 3
Examples of strong acids
Hydrochloric acid
Nitric acid
Sulfuric acid
Weak basis
This are bases with less hydroxide ions the pH range form 8-10
Examples of strong basis
Eno
Saliva
Soap
Lime water
Strong basis
This are bases with more hydroxide ions the pH value of 11 to 14
Examples of strong basis
Sodium hydroxide
Ammonia
Properties of bases
They turn red litmus paper blue
The pH is more than 7
They taste bitter and feel slippery
They contain hydrogen ions (OH-)
Metal oxides react with water to form basis
Properties of acids
They have a sour taste
They contain positive hydrogen ions (H+)
They have ph less than 7
Non metal oxides react with water to form acid
They turn blue litmus paper red
Inductors
Are plant dyes that change color in acid or alkaline solutions
The strength of acids and bases can be measured on a ph scale using
A universal indicator
Universal indicator
Is a mixture of dyes which change color at different ph values it can be used to determine the pH of a solution
Neutralisation
Is when a base reacts with an acid to form salt and water
Base+acid
Salt and water
Ammonium hydroxide+ nitric acid
Ammonium nitrate and water
Salt formed nitric
Nitrate
Sulphuric salt formed
Sulphate
Hydrochloric salt formed
Chloride
Ethanoic salt formed
Ethanoate
Lactic salt formed
Lactate
Citric salt formed
Citrate
Metal+acid
Salt+hydrogen gas
Zinc+hydrochloric acid
Zinc chloride+hydrogen
Magnesium+sulphuric acid
Magnesium sulphate+hydrogen
Calcium+nitrate acid
Calcium nitrate+hydrogen
Test for hydrogen
When a burning splint is brought near hydrogen gas a poping sound is produced
Metal carbonate+acid
Salt+water+carbon dioxide
Metal+oxygen
Metal oxide
Non metal+oxygen
Non metallic oxide
Reactivity series
It is an arrangement of metals in the order in which they will react with substances
Starting with the most reactive metal and ending with the least reactive metal
Alloy
It is a metal mixed with another metal or with a non metal