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INORGANIC AND ORGANIC CHEMISTRY > MATTER > Flashcards

MATTER Flashcards

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1
Q

The field of study concerned with the characteristics, composition, and transformations of matter

A

Chemistry

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2
Q

It includes all things, both living and non- living

A

Matter

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3
Q

Enumerate the three physical state of matter

A

Solid, Liquid, and Gas

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4
Q

Characterized by a definite shape and a definite volume

A

Solid

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5
Q

Characterized by an indefinite shape and a define volume

A

Liquid

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6
Q

Characterized by an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume

A

Gas

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7
Q

Distinguishing characteristic of a substance that is used in its identification and description

A

Property

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8
Q

Two types of property of matter

A

Physical property and Chemical Property

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9
Q

Characteristics that can be observed without changing the basic identity of the substance

A

Physical Property

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10
Q

Describes the way the substance undergoes or resists change to form a new substance

A

Chemical property

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11
Q

Example of Physical property

A

include color, hardness, malleability, solubility, electrical conductivity, density, melting points, and boiling points

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12
Q

Example of Chemical property

A

Reactivity with other chemicals. Toxicity. Coordination number. Flammability. Enthalpy of formation. Heat of combustion. Oxidation states. Chemical stability

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13
Q

Two type of changes in matter

A

Physical Change Chemical Change

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14
Q

A substance undergoes a change in chemical composition. It always involve conversion of the material under consideration into one or more new substances

A

Chemical Change

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15
Q

A substance changes its physical appearance but not its chemical composition

A

Physical Change

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16
Q

Example of chemical change

A

Burning of paper and log of wood.
Digestion of food. Boiling an egg.
Chemical battery usage.
Electroplating a metal.
Baking a cake.
Milk going sour.
Various metabolic reactions that take place in the cell

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17
Q

Example of Physical Change

A

Crushing a can.
Melting an ice cube.
Boiling water.
Mixing sand and water.
Breaking a glass.
Dissolving sugar and water.
Shredding paper.
Chopping wood.

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18
Q

Matter can also be classified in terms of its chemical composition as a

A

Pure substance and Mixture

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19
Q

A single kind of matter that cannot be separated into other kinds of matter by any physical means

A

Pure substance

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20
Q

Physical combination of two or more pure substances in which each substance retains its own chemical identity

A

Mixture

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21
Q

One characteristic of any mixture is that

A

its components can be separated using physical means

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22
Q

Example of pure substance

A

Pure sugar and Pure water; elements tin, sulfur, diamond, water, pure sugar (sucrose), table salt (sodium chloride) and baking soda (sodium bicarbonate)

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23
Q

Example of mixture

A

Mixture of rock salt and ordinary sand.
Smoke and fog (Smog)
Dirt and water (Mud)
Sand, water and gravel (Cement)
Water and salt (Sea water)
Potassium nitrate, sulfur, and carbon (Gunpowder)
Oxygen and water (Sea foam)
Petroleum, hydrocarbons, and fuel additives (Gasoline)

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24
Q

Difference of pure substance and mixture

A

a pure substance consists only of one element or one compound. a mixture consists of two or more different substances, not chemically joined together.

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25
Q

Mixtures are sub classified as

A

Heterogeneous or Homogeneous

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26
Q

A mixture that contains visible different phases (parts), each of which has different property

A

Heterogeneous mixture

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27
Q

Contains only one visibly distinct phase (part), which has a uniform properties throughout

A

Homogeneous mixture

28
Q

Example of Heterogeneous mixture

A

Cereal in milk
Oil and water
Orange juice with pulp
Sandy water
A pepperoni pizza

29
Q

Example of homogeneous mixture

A

Sea water.
Wine.
Vinegar.
Steel.
Brass.
Air
Natural gas
Blood

30
Q

Difference between homogeneous mixture and heterogeneous mixture

A

Heterogeneous mixtures have visually distinguishable components, while homogeneous mixtures appear uniform throughout.

31
Q

The most common type of homogenous mixture

A

a solution, which can be a solid, liquid, or gas

32
Q

Pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler pure substances by chemical means

A

Elements

33
Q

Example of element

A

Gold
Silver
Copper
Hydrogen

34
Q

Pure substance that can broken down into two or more simpler pure substances by chemical means

A

Compund

35
Q

Example of compounds

A

Carbon Dioxide CO₂
Aspirin C₉H₈O₄
Water H₂O
Sodium Bicarbonate NaHCO₃
Ammonia NH₃ S
Sulfuric Acid H₂SO₄
Table Salt (Sodium Chloride) NaCl
Hydrogen Peroxide H₂O₂
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) C₆H₈O₆

36
Q

Difference between element and compounds

A

Element: Pure substance consisting of one type of atom. Compound: Pure substance consisting of two or more different atom

37
Q

It can be combined either physically or chemically

A

Substances

38
Q

The building blocks for all matter, have taken place over a period of several centuries

A

Elements

39
Q

How many elements are discovered and known

A

117 known elements

40
Q

One- or two-letter designation for an element derived from the element’s name

A

Chemical Symbol

41
Q

Elements bear the name from geographical names

A

germanium, francium and polonium

42
Q

Elements name from planets

A

mercury, uranium, neptunium

43
Q

Where does elements name came from

A

some bear geographical name some are named for the planets some reflect specific properties of the element or of the compounds containing it

44
Q

The smallest particle of an element that can exist and still have the properties of the element

A

Atom

45
Q

A sample of any element is composed of atoms of what, those of that element

A

a single type

46
Q

Must have two or more types of atoms present, because by definition at least two elements must be present

A

Compound

47
Q

A group of two or more atoms that functions a unit because the atoms are tightly bound together

A

Molecule

48
Q

A molecule that contains two atoms

A

diatomic molecule

49
Q

A molecule that contains three, and so on

A

triatomic molecule

50
Q

The atoms present may all be of the _______________ may be present

A

same kind, or two or more kinds

51
Q

A molecule in which all atoms present are of the same kind

A

Homoatomic molecule

52
Q

A molecule in which two or more kinds of atoms are present. Substances containing this molecules are compounds

A

heteroatomic molecule

53
Q

Example of diatomic molecule

A

hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), and iodine (I)

54
Q

Example of homoatomic molecule

A

Ozone, O3, hydrogen gas (H2), oxygen gas (O2), nitrogen gas (N2), phosphorus molecule (P4)

55
Q

A molecule with four atoms

A

Tetratomic

56
Q

Example of heteroatomic molecule

A

H2O (water), CO2 (carbon dioxide), HCl (Hydrogen chloride)

57
Q

Difference between atoms and compound

A

An atom is the smallest part of an element that can exist. Compounds are formed from elements by chemical reactions. Compounds contain two or more elements chemically combined in fixed proportions and can be represented by formulae using the symbols of the atoms from which they were formed

58
Q

Molecules made of atoms from different elements

A

Compound

59
Q

Atoms connected by chemical bond

A

Molecules

60
Q

ALL COMPOUNDS ARE ________, BUT NOT ALL MOLECULES ARE _______

A

Molecules, Compound

61
Q

Is it compound or molecule, H2

A

molecule, but not a compound (only H is present)

62
Q

Is it compound or molecule, H2O

A

both a molecule and a compound (H and O are present)

63
Q

Difference between molecule and compound

A

A molecule is a group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds. A compound is a substance which is formed by two or more different types of elements which are united chemically in a fixed proportion. All molecules are not compounds. All compounds are molecules.

64
Q

A notation made up of the chemical symbols of the elements present in a compound and numerical subscripts (located to the right of each chemical symbol) that indicate the number of atoms of each element present in a molecule of the compound

A

Chemical Formula

65
Q

An expression that shows the elements in a compound and the relative proportions of those elements

A

Chemical Formula

INORGANIC AND ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (7 decks)

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