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INORGANIC AND ORGANIC CHEMISTRY > MATTER > Flashcards

MATTER Flashcards

1
Q

The field of study concerned with the characteristics, composition, and transformations of matter

A

Chemistry

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2
Q

It includes all things, both living and non- living

A

Matter

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3
Q

Enumerate the three physical state of matter

A

Solid, Liquid, and Gas

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4
Q

Characterized by a definite shape and a definite volume

A

Solid

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5
Q

Characterized by an indefinite shape and a define volume

A

Liquid

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6
Q

Characterized by an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume

A

Gas

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7
Q

Distinguishing characteristic of a substance that is used in its identification and description

A

Property

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8
Q

Two types of property of matter

A

Physical property and Chemical Property

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9
Q

Characteristics that can be observed without changing the basic identity of the substance

A

Physical Property

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10
Q

Describes the way the substance undergoes or resists change to form a new substance

A

Chemical property

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11
Q

Example of Physical property

A

include color, hardness, malleability, solubility, electrical conductivity, density, melting points, and boiling points

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12
Q

Example of Chemical property

A

Reactivity with other chemicals. Toxicity. Coordination number. Flammability. Enthalpy of formation. Heat of combustion. Oxidation states. Chemical stability

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13
Q

Two type of changes in matter

A

Physical Change Chemical Change

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14
Q

A substance undergoes a change in chemical composition. It always involve conversion of the material under consideration into one or more new substances

A

Chemical Change

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15
Q

A substance changes its physical appearance but not its chemical composition

A

Physical Change

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16
Q

Example of chemical change

A

Burning of paper and log of wood.
Digestion of food. Boiling an egg.
Chemical battery usage.
Electroplating a metal.
Baking a cake.
Milk going sour.
Various metabolic reactions that take place in the cell

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17
Q

Example of Physical Change

A

Crushing a can.
Melting an ice cube.
Boiling water.
Mixing sand and water.
Breaking a glass.
Dissolving sugar and water.
Shredding paper.
Chopping wood.

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18
Q

Matter can also be classified in terms of its chemical composition as a

A

Pure substance and Mixture

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19
Q

A single kind of matter that cannot be separated into other kinds of matter by any physical means

A

Pure substance

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20
Q

Physical combination of two or more pure substances in which each substance retains its own chemical identity

A

Mixture

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21
Q

One characteristic of any mixture is that

A

its components can be separated using physical means

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22
Q

Example of pure substance

A

Pure sugar and Pure water; elements tin, sulfur, diamond, water, pure sugar (sucrose), table salt (sodium chloride) and baking soda (sodium bicarbonate)

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23
Q

Example of mixture

A

Mixture of rock salt and ordinary sand.
Smoke and fog (Smog)
Dirt and water (Mud)
Sand, water and gravel (Cement)
Water and salt (Sea water)
Potassium nitrate, sulfur, and carbon (Gunpowder)
Oxygen and water (Sea foam)
Petroleum, hydrocarbons, and fuel additives (Gasoline)

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24
Q

Difference of pure substance and mixture

A

a pure substance consists only of one element or one compound. a mixture consists of two or more different substances, not chemically joined together.

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25
Mixtures are sub classified as
Heterogeneous or Homogeneous
26
A mixture that contains visible different phases (parts), each of which has different property
Heterogeneous mixture
27
Contains only one visibly distinct phase (part), which has a uniform properties throughout
Homogeneous mixture
28
Example of Heterogeneous mixture
Cereal in milk Oil and water Orange juice with pulp Sandy water A pepperoni pizza
29
Example of homogeneous mixture
Sea water. Wine. Vinegar. Steel. Brass. Air Natural gas Blood
30
Difference between homogeneous mixture and heterogeneous mixture
Heterogeneous mixtures have visually distinguishable components, while homogeneous mixtures appear uniform throughout.
31
The most common type of homogenous mixture
a solution, which can be a solid, liquid, or gas
32
Pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler pure substances by chemical means
Elements
33
Example of element
Gold Silver Copper Hydrogen
34
Pure substance that can broken down into two or more simpler pure substances by chemical means
Compund
35
Example of compounds
Carbon Dioxide CO₂ Aspirin C₉H₈O₄ Water H₂O Sodium Bicarbonate NaHCO₃ Ammonia NH₃ S Sulfuric Acid H₂SO₄ Table Salt (Sodium Chloride) NaCl Hydrogen Peroxide H₂O₂ Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) C₆H₈O₆
36
Difference between element and compounds
Element: Pure substance consisting of one type of atom. Compound: Pure substance consisting of two or more different atom
37
It can be combined either physically or chemically
Substances
38
The building blocks for all matter, have taken place over a period of several centuries
Elements
39
How many elements are discovered and known
117 known elements
40
One- or two-letter designation for an element derived from the element’s name
Chemical Symbol
41
Elements bear the name from geographical names
germanium, francium and polonium
42
Elements name from planets
mercury, uranium, neptunium
43
Where does elements name came from
some bear geographical name some are named for the planets some reflect specific properties of the element or of the compounds containing it
44
The smallest particle of an element that can exist and still have the properties of the element
Atom
45
A sample of any element is composed of atoms of what, those of that element
a single type
46
Must have two or more types of atoms present, because by definition at least two elements must be present
Compound
47
A group of two or more atoms that functions a unit because the atoms are tightly bound together
Molecule
48
A molecule that contains two atoms
diatomic molecule
49
A molecule that contains three, and so on
triatomic molecule
50
The atoms present may all be of the _______________ may be present
same kind, or two or more kinds
51
A molecule in which all atoms present are of the same kind
Homoatomic molecule
52
A molecule in which two or more kinds of atoms are present. Substances containing this molecules are compounds
heteroatomic molecule
53
Example of diatomic molecule
hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), and iodine (I)
54
Example of homoatomic molecule
Ozone, O3, hydrogen gas (H2), oxygen gas (O2), nitrogen gas (N2), phosphorus molecule (P4)
55
A molecule with four atoms
Tetratomic
56
Example of heteroatomic molecule
H2O (water), CO2 (carbon dioxide), HCl (Hydrogen chloride)
57
Difference between atoms and compound
An atom is the smallest part of an element that can exist. Compounds are formed from elements by chemical reactions. Compounds contain two or more elements chemically combined in fixed proportions and can be represented by formulae using the symbols of the atoms from which they were formed
58
Molecules made of atoms from different elements
Compound
59
Atoms connected by chemical bond
Molecules
60
ALL COMPOUNDS ARE ________, BUT NOT ALL MOLECULES ARE _______
Molecules, Compound
61
Is it compound or molecule, H2
molecule, but not a compound (only H is present)
62
Is it compound or molecule, H2O
both a molecule and a compound (H and O are present)
63
Difference between molecule and compound
A molecule is a group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds. A compound is a substance which is formed by two or more different types of elements which are united chemically in a fixed proportion. All molecules are not compounds. All compounds are molecules.
64
A notation made up of the chemical symbols of the elements present in a compound and numerical subscripts (located to the right of each chemical symbol) that indicate the number of atoms of each element present in a molecule of the compound
Chemical Formula
65
An expression that shows the elements in a compound and the relative proportions of those elements
Chemical Formula

INORGANIC AND ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (7 decks)

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