Matter Flashcards
Matter
Something that takes up space
Substance
-Any variety of matter that is homogeneous & has a fixed composition by mass
Element
- the simplest form of matter
- CAN’T be broken down by physical or chemical means
ex: C, H, Na
Diatomic elements
2 atoms of the same element bond to form a molecule!!
Compound
- 2 or more different elements chemically bonded
- Can break down into simpler compounds/elements chemically
ex: HCl, KI
Mixture
2 or more substances physically combined
Homogeneous
- Uniform composition
- Solutions
- Aqueous (aq)
Heterogeneous
Contains visibly different substances or phases
How are mixtures different from compounds?
- The components of a mixture can be either elements or compounds
- Mixture separated by PHYSICAL means (compounds by CHEMICAL means)
Monatomic Element
Only one particle just like an element
Mass
-The amount of matter in an object
Volume
-The amount of space an object takes up
What is volume measured with?
mL or cm3.
What is mass measured with?
grams or kilograms
How do you calculate volume?
l x w x h
How do you measure volume with irregular objects?
-Water Displacement
object and water - water = object
Density Formula
D = m/v
Density
Degree of compactness of a substance
What is density measured with?
g/mL or g/cm3
A 5mL sample of ethanol has a mass of 3.95g. What is the density of ethanol?
3.95 / 5
Energy
an object’s ability to do work
Potential Energy
The energy stored in an object
Kinetic Energy
Energy an object possesses due to its motion; directly related to temperature
Temperature vs Heat
Temperature is the average kinetic energy of a sample while heat is the amount of energy flowing from one body of matter to another