Gases Flashcards

1
Q

Pressure

A

the normal force applied to a unit area of a surface

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2
Q

Temperature

A

measures average kinetic energy

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3
Q

Volume

A

the amount of space something takes up

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4
Q

Charles Law

Temp vs Volume

A
  • As temp increases, volume increases

- Direct relationship

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5
Q

Gay Lussac’s Law

Temp vs Pressure

A
  • As temp increases, pressure increases

- Direct relationship

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6
Q

Boyle’s Law

Pressure vs Volume

A
  • As pressure increases, volume decreases

- Indirect relationship

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7
Q

Gases of the same volume have:

A

the same number of molecules

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8
Q

Combined Gas Law Equation

A

P1 V1 P2 V2
——– = ———-
T1 T2

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9
Q

What are things that you need to remember for using combined gas law?

A
  • Cross out all values that are held constant
  • Always put temp in KELVIN
  • STP is on Table A
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10
Q

400mL of gas, at constant Pressure, is at 50°C. What will be the new volume at 300°C?

A

2400 mL

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11
Q

Kinetic Molecular Theory

A

Used to explain the behavior of gases

Shows relationships between pressure, volume, and temperature on gases

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12
Q

Part 1 of KMT

A

Gas particles are in constant, random, straight-line motion and only change direction when they collide

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13
Q

Part 2 of KMT

A

When particles collide with one, another energy is transferred (not lost) from one particle to another

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14
Q

Part 3 of KMT

A

Particles are so small that their volumes are considered to be zero (negligible)

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15
Q

Part 4 of KMT

A

Gas particles have no attractive forces for one another!

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16
Q

Ideal Gases

A
  • Particles have no Volume
  • No attractions or repulsions
  • Collide without loss of energy
17
Q

Real Gases

A
  • Have volume
  • Have attraction b/w particles
  • Some energy can be transferred to surroundings
18
Q

How can real gases behave most like ideal gases?

A
  • High Temperature

- Low Pressure

19
Q

Which elements are most like ideal gases?

A

Hydrogen and Helium are most like ideal gases because they are SMALL!!!

20
Q

What is vapor pressure?

A

The pressure the liquid exerts on the side of the container it is in. When the vapor pressure reaches atmospheric pressure, the liquid boils

21
Q

The lowest vapor pressure has

A
  • The highest BP

- Strongest intermolecular forces

22
Q

High vapor pressure has

A
  • Lowest BP

- Weakest intermolecular forces

23
Q

Avogadro’s Hypothesis

A

equal volumes of gases have the same number of molecules

24
Q

Percent Error Equation

A

Real - Theoretical
————————– x 100
Theoretical