math 2: probability Flashcards
(let E be an event, ~E be the set of outcomes that are not in E, and P(E) represent the probability of E) 0≤
P(E)≤1
(let E be an event, ~E be the set of outcomes that are not in E, and P(E) represent the probability of E) P(~E) =
1 - P(E)
If P(E) = 0, E is called the
impossible event
If P (E) = 1, E is called the
certain event
P (A ∪ B) is the probability of either …. occurring, where A ∪ B is called the … of a and B
A or B; disjunction
P(A | B) is the probability of …. this is called … probability
A occurring, given that B has occurred; conditional
P(A ∩ B) is the probability of …. occurring, where A ∩ B is called the … of A and B
both A and b; conjunction
if two events have no outcomes in common, they are
mutually exclusive
mutually exclusive, P (A ∪ B) =
P(A) + P(B)
if two events have outcomes in common, the general formula P (A ∪ B) =
P(A) + P(B) - P (A ∩ B)
P(A | B) =
P (A ∩ B) / P(B)
P (A ∩ B) =
P(B) P(A | B)
if A and b are independent events, P (A ∩ B) =
P(B) . P(A)