MATES / MASTER ORAL #1 Flashcards
TELL ME ABOUT RULE 7…
RULE 7 - Risk of Collision
(a) Every vessel shall use all available means appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions to determine if risk of collision exists. If there is any doubt such risk shall be deemed to exist.
(b) Proper use shall be made of radar equipment if fitted and operational, including long-range scanning to obtain early warning of risk of collision and radar plotting or equivalent systematic observations of detected objects.
(c) Assumptions shall not be made on the basis of scanty information, especially scanty radar information.
(d) In determining if risk of collision exists the following considerations shall be among those taken into account:
(i) such risk shall be deemed to exist if the compass bearing of an approaching vessel does not appreciably change;
(ii) such risk may sometimes exist even when an appreciable bearing change is evident, particularly when approaching a very large vessel or a tow or when approaching a vessel at close range.
ACRONYM
A) ALL AVAILABLE
B) RADAR
C) SCANTY. SEA SCANTIES
D) IN DETERMINING
i) COMPASS
ii) CLOSE RANGE
SO a Risk of Collision now exists, What Rule Covers Action to Take?
RULE 8 - RISK OF COLLISION
A) ANY
B) BOTH
C) COURSE
D) DISTANCE
E) E-STOP
Fi) Impede
Fii) IF IMPEDED, THESE RULES APPLY
Fiii) IMPEDED VESSEL MUST COMPLY WITH THE RULES OF THIS PART IF IMPEDED
(a) Any action taken to avoid collision shall be taken in accordance with the Rules of this Part and shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, be positive, made in ample time and with due regard to the observance of good seamanship.
(b) Any alteration of course and/or speed to avoid collision shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, be large enough to be readily apparent to another vessel observing visually or by radar; a succession of small alterations of course and/or speed should be avoided.
(c) If there is sufficient sea-room, alteration of course alone may be the most effective action to avoid a close-quarters situation provided that it is made in good time, is substantial and does not result in another close-quarters situation.
(d) Action taken to avoid a collision with another vessel shall be such as to result in passing at a safe distance. The effectiveness of the action shall be carefully checked until the other vessel is finally past and clear.
(e) If necessary to avoid collision or allow more time to assess the situation, a vessel shall slacken her speed or take all way off by stopping or reversing her means of propulsion.
(f)
(i) A vessel which, by any of these Rules, is required not to impede the passage or safe passage of another vessel shall, when required by the circumstances of the case, take early action to allow sufficient sea-room for the safe passage of the other vessel.
(ii) A vessel required not to impede the passage or safe passage of another vessel is not relieved of this obligation if approaching the other vessel so as to involve risk of collision and shall, when taking action, have full regard to the action which may be required by the Rules of this Part.
(iii) A vessel, the passage of which is not to be impeded remains fully obliged to comply with the Rules of this part when the two vessels are approaching one another so as to involve risk of collision
RULE 19 - CONDUCT OF VESSELS IN RESTRICTED VISIBILITY
What is restricted visibility?
Any condition in which visibility is restricted by fog, mist, falling snow, heavy rainstorms, sandstorms or any other similar causes
Lights on a PDV?
Masthead Lt
Sidelights
Sternlight
Lights on a SV?
Rule 25
SV Underway shall exhibit - Sidelight & Sternlight
SV under 20m in length, Sidelights and Sternlight may be combined into one lantern carried at or near the top of the mast where it can best be seen.
A SV underway may, in addition to the lights above, exhibit at or near the top of the mast, where they can best be seen, two all round lights in a vertical line - UPPER RED & LOWER GREEN. Shall not be used with the combined lantern.
D - (i) A sailing vessel of less than 7 m in length shall, if practicable, exhibit the lights prescribed in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Rule, but if she does not, she shall have ready at hand an electric torch or lighted lantern showing a white light which shall be exhibited in sufficient time to prevent collision.
(ii) A vessel under oars may exhibit the lights prescribed in this Rule for sailing vessels, but if she does not, she shall have ready at hand an electric torch or lighted lantern showing a white light which shall be exhibited in sufficient time to prevent a collision.
(e) A vessel proceeding under sail when also being propelled by machinery shall exhibit forward where it can best be seen a conical shape, apex downwards
What Lights does a vessel aground exhibit?…
The lights for at Anchor - All round white light in the fore part & an all round white light at or near the stern and at a LOWER level.
VL less than 50m may exhibit an all round white light where it can best be seen
VL at anchor MAY & a VL over 100m in length MUST use available working lights or equivalent lights to illuminate her decks.
AGROUND: Anchor light and in addition TWO ALL ROUND RED LIGHTS in a vertical line, plus 3 Balls in a vertical line. (A Balls up)
RULE 27 - VESSELS NOT UNDER COMMAND
What Lights & Shapes do they show?
NUC: Two all round red lights in a vertical line where they can best be seen…
&
Two Balls in a vertical line where they can best be seen
When making way; Sidelights & a Sternlight
RULE 27 - RESTRICTED IN THIER ABILITY TO MANOEUVRE
What lights do they show?
- i)When RAM; RED WHITE RED all round lights in a vertical line where they can best be seen,
ii)BALL DIAMOND BALL Day Shapes
When Making Way: Masthead, Sidelights & Sternlight in addition to i & ii
When at anchor, The Lights and Shapes for VL prescribed in Rule 30 in addition to i & ii
- PDV Engaged in Towing such as severely restricts the towing vessel and her tow in thier ability to deviate from their course shall show i) & ii) in addition to 24(a)
- Dredging or underwater operations when RAM, exhibit MASTHEAD & SIDELIGHTS if Making way. RED WHITE RED & BALL DIAMOND BALL where it can best be seen. TWO ALL ROUND RED & TWO BALLS ON THE SIDE AN OBSTRUCTION EXISTS & TWO ALL ROUND GREEN & TWO DIAMONDS IN A VERTICAL LINE ON THE SIDE IT IS SAFE TO PASS.
- WHEN AT ANCHOR, THE LIGHTS OR SHAPES IN THIS PARAGRAPH INSTEAD OF RULE 30.
- IF the size of the vessel engaged in diving operations makes it impractical to exhibit the above, , they shall RED WHITE RED in a vertical line & rigid replica of ‘A’ flag not less than 1m in height.
- Mine Clearance. General PDV Lights as in Rule 23 & Anchor Lights/ Shapes as in Rule 30.
- Three All Round Green Light or Three Balls,One at foremast Head & one at each end of the fore yard. This indicates it is dangerous to approach within 1000m
VL’s under 12m, except those engaged in diving operations shall not be required to exhibit the lights and shapes in this rule.
The above are not distress signals
You see a RAM vessel from the port side, how else do you know it is RAM?
NAVTEX, EGC, AIS, VHF (SECURITE BROADCAST)
PRACTISE A RADAR PLOT
Worksheet attached
