Maternal Depravation Flashcards
1
Q
What is maternal deprivation?
A
-prolonged loss of emotional care or attachment bond from mother figure
2
Q
What is bowlbys critical period?
A
- time frame when effects of maternal deprivation are most acute
- 3-6 months
4
Q
What is an effect of maternal deprivation?
A
- if there is disruption of attachment in the first 3 years
- will cause severe and irreversible damage
- to their social, emotional and intellectual development
- may lower IQ
5
Q
What is an effect of maternal deprivation in regards to psychopathy?
A
- deprivation could lead to affectionless psychopathy
- individuals have a lack of shame and guilt
- leads to difficulty forming relationships
- higher probability of criminal tendencies
6
Q
What can prevent long term consequences of maternal deprivation?
A
- presence of mother-substitute
- can prevent long term consequences
- if they provide adequate and sensitive surrogate emotional care
7
Q
What was bowlbys 44 thieves study procedure?
A
- examined 88 children from 5-16
- 44 of these children were thieves
- 14 of these thieves were affectionless psychopaths
- 86% of affectionless psychopaths experienced early attachment separation
- 17% of other thieves and 4% of control group
8
Q
What does bowlbys 44 thieves study suggest?
A
- suggest a link between early ongoing separation from mother figure and social maladjustment
- maternal deprivation hypothesis appears to lead to affectionless psychopathy
- and engaging in antisocial behaviour
9
Q
What is a negative evaluation of bowlbys maternal deprivation hypothesis? (1)
A
- lewis (1944) replicated juvenile thieves study with a larger sample
- didn’t find early attachment disruption from mother figure predicts criminal behaviour
- casts doubt on bowlbys theory as suggests other factors can mediate maternal deprivation consequences
- barret found securely attached children more resistant to negative effects of maternal deprivation than insecurely attached
10
Q
What is an evaluation in regards to nature nurture?
A
- bowlbys and barrett research highlights importance of nature and nurture
- bowlby put forward critical period of development demonstrating importance of biological mechanism
- however mechanism is shaped by infants degree of interaction with caregivers
11
Q
What is a negative evaluation of bowlbys maternal deprivation hypothesis? (2)
A
- bowlby criticised for not clearly distinguishing deprivation and privation
- Rutter (1982) stated privation leads to more damage then child experiencing disrupted attachment
- rutter disapproved og bowlbys use of the word deprivation
- as he was confusing two concepts and using them interchangeably
12
Q
What are the 3 short term effects of attachment disruption?
A
- protest: child protest when parent leaves, clings on to parent
- despair: appear calmer but still upset, refuses attempt to comfort them
- detachment: accept loss of parent and starts to engage with outer people, reject and show anger towards returning parent
