Materials & Resources Flashcards
How many total points can be earned max for the Materials & Resource category?
13
How many prerequisites does the Materials & Resource category have?
2 -
Storage & collection of recyclables
Construction & demolition waste management planning
What are the credit categorizes for Materials & Resources?
- building life cycle impact reduction
- building product disclosure & optimization: environmental declaration
- building product disclosure & optimization: sourcing of raw materials
- building product disclosure & optimization: material ingredients
- construction & demo waste management
A voluntary program which sets standards to wood product manufacturers to ensure responsible forest management in order to prevent deforestation & loss of habitat
Forest stewardship council (FSC)
A product stewardship policy approach that holds consumer goods companies responsible for managing their own products and packaging when consumers are finished with them
Extended producer responsibility (EPR)
GreenScreen
Method used to identify chemicals of high concern and safer alternatives
REACH Optimization
European union’s legislation that requires all chemicals sold to be evaluated based on their hazard profiles
Construction & demolition waste constitutes for how much total solid waste in the US?
40%
What is the first step toward conservation of materials?
Rightsizing the project
Reusing what can result in huge material savings?
Existing materials
Salvaged materials
Existing buildings
What types of materials can be salvaged and reused in new buildings?
- bricks
- doors
- windows
- flooring
- cabinets, furniture
- tiles
Adaptive reuse is also called what? Give an example
Designing for flexibility;
Hospital flexible floor plans to change room sizes
Using efficient framing techniques conserves materials. Instead of placing studs 16 in apart, they can be placed ___ in apart
24
What is the best way to eliminate waste according to the EPA?
Source reduction
What is source reduction?
The exact sizing of the materials to be produced through prefabrication, modular construction, or similar methods, so that no waste is generated on site
When selecting materials for a building, what are the first two goals and project should have?
- Implement strategies to stop material from going to landfills as waste
- Evaluate the effects of a particular product on the environment
What is a Location valuation factor?
When LEED looks to see if materials for a project are extracted, manufactured & purchased within 100 miles of the site
LEED will award the project in the credit calculations for the location valuation factor by valuing those products at __% of their cost
200%
What are some features of environmentally preferable materials?
- locally harvested/extracted & manufactured (& replenish within 10 years)
- sustainability grown & harvested
- made from rapidly renewable materials (& replenish within 10 years)
- contain no toxins
- made in factories that support human health & workers rights
- long lasting & reusable
- contain recycled content
- avoid landfill
- low embodied energy
Rapidly renewable materials can replenish within how many years?
10
When a project team decides to not use some materials and reduce the total amount of materials in the building
Dematerialization
What is the cradle to gate assessment?
Evaluation of a product’s partial life cycle - from its resource extraction/harvesting to its becoming a manufactured product ready for resale at factory gate
Who created the cradle to cradle certificate?
Cradle to cradle products innovation institute
Cradle to cradle
Evaluates materials to have infinite lifecycles through recycling to form a closed system
Cradle to grave
Investigates materials from their extraction to their disposal
What kind of environmental aspects does the cradle to cradle certification evaluate?
- material health
- material reutilization
- renewable energy & carbon management
- water stewardship
- social fairness
what is greenwashing?
The presentation of a product or a material as being more environmentally friendly than it is
What is an environmental product declaration (EPD)
environmental information on the life cycle of a product to enable comparisons between products fulfilling the same function
What things should an EPD list?
- global warming impact
- ozone depletion
- water pollution
- greenhouse gas emissions
- human toxicity
What does a product’s health product declaration (HPD) include?
- material list disclosure
- potential chemicals
- related concerns
- additional health info
What provides info about the manufacturer or raw material supplier of a product that has been verified to employ sustainable principles during the creation of their products?
Corporate sustainability reports (CSR)
At a minimum, LEED projects must recycle what?
- paper
- cardboard
- glass
- plastic
- metal
Commingled recycling
When a project decided which recycling can be stored separately & commingled into a single stream
The EPA developed a hierarch, ranking the most environmentally sound strategies for reducing municipal solid waste. What are those 4 things?
- source reduction
- reuse
- recycle
- waste to energy conversion
What is the waste to energy strategy?
Converts non-recyclable materials into usable heat, electricity or fuel through combustion, gasification, pyrolization, anaerobic digestion & landfill gas recovery
What are some strategies to address waste management & reduction?
- establish tracking system
- develop solid waste management policy
- conduct waste stream audit
- stress composting
- collect durable goods
What is an example of stress composting?
Turning landscaping debris into mulch
What is one item that the facility manager should make sure does not go in regular waste disposal?
Low energy light bulbs that contain mercury
When purchasing sustainable cleaning products, the facility manager can look for green custodial products that meet what 3 things?
Green seal
Environmental
EPA standards
Fairtrade certification
Promotes sustainable principles in products such as coffee, tea, sugar, fruits, & chocolate
Food Alliance certification
Certifies farms, ranches & food handlers
USDA organic certification
Regulates the standards of agricultural products
Protected Harvest certification
Certifies farmers’ use of stringent environmental & sustainable growing standards
Marine Stewardship Council Blue Eco-Label certification
Certifies sustainable fishing
Rainforest Alliance Certification
Promotes sustainability in agriculture & forestry
In the US, metals, paper, food, glass & plastic comprise of approx. ___% of the total amount of municipal solid waste
69%
Projects should have the infrastructure in place to collect, store & dispose of at least 2 of what?
- batteries
- lamps containing mercury
- electronics
Under the storage & collection of recyclables pre req, what is not considered recyclable and should be collected, stored & disposed of?
Batteries, lamps with mercury & electronics
The storage & collection of recyclables pre req is only for the _______ phase & not ____ phase
Buildings operations;
Construction
The construction & demo waste management plan pre req is only for the ____ phase & not the ____ phase
Construction;
Buildings operation
For the construction & demo waste management plan pre req, the project should create a construction & demo waste plan & set goals for waste diversion by choosing at least ___ suitable materials to be diverted
5
After source reducing, what other waste reduction strategies can be used?
- reuse
- recycling
- donation
- salvage
What is the waste diversion rate?
Total waste diverted from landfill
———————————————-
Total waste produced by the project
X100
what 2 things do not qualify as diverted materials?
Land cleaning debris & alternative daily cover (ADC)
Land cleaning debris is created by removal of what?
Rock, soil, stone, vegetation
In order to qualify for the historic building reuse option credit, the building or historic district must be registered where?
local, state or national register of historic places
In the renovation of abandoned or blighted building credit, the project just maintain at least ___% of surface area of the existing building structure, enclosure & interior or structural elements in the building that are considered blight
50%
If there is any deterioration or damage up to ___% of the building surface area, the building may be excluded from the credit calculation
25%
A new building whole lifecycle assessment - under the building cycle impact reduction credit category - should demonstrate a minimum of __% reduction compared with a baseline building
10%
Reductions of waste impact should be in at least 3/6 impact categories, one of which MUST be what?
Global warming potential
What are the impact categories for whole building lifecycle assessment in option 4 of the building lifecycle impact reduction credit?
- global warming potential
- depletion of ozone
- acidification of land & water sources
- eutrophication of nitrogen or phosphate
- formation of tropospheric ozone
- depletion of nonrenewable energy sources
Environmental product declarations (EPD) show what things?
- raw material extraction effects on the environment
- energy use
- chemical makeup
- waste generation
- any emissions made to water, air & soil during the entire sourcing & manufacturing process
Projects should use at least ___ different permanently installed products sourced from at least 5 different manufacturers for the building product disclosure: environmental product declaration credit
20
Products with available, critically reviewed lifecycle assessment conforming to ISO 14044 that have at least cradle to gate scope assessment
Product specific declaration
Third party products should demonstrate impact reduction below the industry standard average in at least 3 categories valued at ___% of their cost for credit achievement calculations
100%
For option 2 of the building disclosure & optimization: sourcing of raw materials credit, leadership extraction practices promote the use of materials that are what?
- biobased
- forest stewardship council certified
- reused
- have recycled content
- contain a producer responsibility program
A process that tracks a product from the point of harvest/extraction to its distribution
Chain of custody (CoC)
Preconsumer recycled content
Content of a material that is recycled before being used by a consumer
Ex: sawdust used for pressboard
Postconsumer recycled content
Recycled content of a used material
Ex: printer paper used for new paper
Are aluminum cans, water bottles, most types of glass, wood, steel products, newspapers, etc. pre or postconsumer recycled content?
Post
Recycled content is the sum of what?
Postconsumer recycled content + 1/2 preconsumer recycled content,
Which is based on cost
Corporate sustainability report
Provides info about the manufacturer or raw material supplier of a product that has been verified to employ sustainable principles during the creation of their products
What are biobased materials?
Products that meet the sustainable agriculture network’s sustainable agriculture standard
Biobased raw materials must be tested using what method? Hides are excluded (I.e. leathers, etc)
ASTM text method D6866
Products meeting biobased material criteria are valued at __% of their cost in the credit achievement calculation
100%
Wood products must be certified by who? They are valued at 100% their cost in the credit achievement calculation
Forest stewardship council
Material reuse includes salvaged, refurbished or reused products. Products meeting reuse criteria are valued at __% their cost in credit achievement calculations
100%
What products are excluded from biobased materials?
Hides , aka leather & other animal skin material
The design of chemical products and processes that eliminate the use of generation of hazardous substances
Green chemistry
What does REACH stand for in REACH optimization?
Registration
Evaluation
Authorization
Restriction of chemicals
In the construction & demo waste management pre req, project teams set the diversion rates so implementing the construction & demo waste management plan was optional. However, for the credit, diversion rates are set by ____ & implementing the plan is required to earn the credit
USGBC
What can be excluded from diversion calculations?
- excavated soil
- land clearing debris
- alternative daily cover
- hazardous materials
- types of waste to energy production (except wood waste)
____ which is converted to fuel (biofuel) is INCLUDED in LEED diversion calculations
Wood waste
In the construction & demo waste management credit, what are the 3 diversion path options?
- Divert 50% & 3 material streams
- Divert 75% & 4 material streams
- Reduction of total waste material
If projects choose path 3 (reduction of total waste) for the construction & demo waste management credit, how much construction waste per square ft of the building’s floor area is allowed to be generated?
No more than 2.5 lbs per sq ft building’s floor area
Construction & demo debris exclude what?
Soil, vegetation & rocks
What kind of buildings generate post consumer recycled content?
Households or commercial, industrial & institutional facilities
Preconsumer waste is from the ______ waste stream; post consumer waste is from the _______ waste stream
Pre = Manufacturing
Post = consumer
Who establishes chain of custody certification requirements?
Forest stewardship council
What kinds of products are considered to have PRE consumer content (not consumed by humans - manufacturing)?
Sawdust Wood chips Tree bark Magazine overruns Fly ash
What kinds of products are considered to have POST consumer content (consumed by humans)?
Cans Plastic bottles Glass Wood Steel newspapers
Which standard establishes the principles and specifies the procedures for developing Type III environmental declaration programs & Type III environmental declarations?
ISO 14025
