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LEED GA > Intro to Green Building & Sustainablity > Flashcards

Intro to Green Building & Sustainablity Flashcards

1
Q

What happens during the Occupancy, Operations & Performance Feedback Phase of the integrated process?

A
  • performance checked throughout lifetime of building
  • data monitored
  • repeat training for building personnel & occupants
  • educated about green features of building & sustainable practices
  • feeback from users & personnel
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2
Q

What happens during the Design & Construction Phase of the integrated process?

A
  • meetings held continuously w/all members
  • actions taken to protect workers, building occupants, neighborhood & surrounding environment from construction
  • LEED requirements for certificate documented
  • train building personnel to maintain green standards
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3
Q

What happens during the Discovery Phase of the integrated process?

A

(GOALS & BUDGET)
Predesign to ensure project goals are set early & cost-effectively
i.e.
- risks identified
- triple bottom line assessed
- system created for collab of whole team
- location chosen well
- codes & standards evaluated
- LEED requirements & level of certification considered
- life cycle costing
- life cycle assessment
- computer modeling to evaluate strategy & alternatives

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4
Q

To reveal building problems during O&M, what kind of inspections can be conducted?

A
  • Retro-commissioning (efficiency of building’s system & equipment)
  • Energy & water audits
  • Solid waste audits
  • Occupant surveys
  • Green purchasing & green house keeping program assessments
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5
Q

How often do projects need to be re-certified to not lose their LEED O&M certification?

A

5 years

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6
Q

Training building operations personnel after construction is complete on all the assumptions that are made during the design & the performance of all building systems establishes a successful _______ phase

A

O&M (ongoing operations & maintenance)

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7
Q

What are considered Hard Costs during construction?

A

Costs that physically contribute to the construction

i. e.
- labor
- construction materials
- equipment

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8
Q

Soft Costs during the construction phase cover what?

A

Everything needed for developing a project that does not physically contribute to the building

i. e.
- management & supervision costs
- design costs
- permits
- taxes

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9
Q

What does a Waste Management Plan during construction address?

A

The storage, collection & disposal of waste generated during the construction phase, recyclable & landfill waste

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10
Q

What are some ways you can develop an Indoor Air Quality Management Plan during construction?

A
  • Protect HVAC from dust
  • Use materials w/minimal levels of toxicity
  • Vent whole building to clear construction contamination before occupancy
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11
Q

During construction, prevent air & water pollution by implementing an ______ & _____ Control Plan, that also includes a ______ Prevention Plan to prevent erosion, sedimentation & stormwater pollution to the water bodies, wetlands & entire neighborhood

A

Erosion & Sedementation

Stormwater Pollution

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12
Q

How is a BIM used in the LEED system? Pre req or credit?

A

Pre-requesite & a credit that requires use of a BIM to show how much energy savings is established by implementing different strategies

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13
Q

Benefits of using a BIM?

A
  • define types of materials planned to use
  • set project location
  • run energy simulations for building according to climate & location
  • sunlight interacts w/building & adjust orientation
  • locations of windows & skylights
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14
Q

What does BIM stand for?

A

Building Information Model

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15
Q

What is Building Information Modeling?

A

Creation of a 3D project model to better understand how to maximize green benefits

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16
Q

Role of a LEED project administer

A
  • Primary contact of USGBC/GBCI for LEED project

- Act as a project manager, overseeing LEED certification process

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17
Q

LEED AP vs LEED GA project duties

A

LEED AP -
- support & encourage integrated design, streamline the application & certification process

LEED GA -
- provide support to other project team members

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18
Q

Design-Build Approach

A

All people who make up all parts of a project work collaboratively from the beginning of the project (i.e. steakholders, design teams, construction teams)

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19
Q

Steakholder Meetings

A

Meetings conducted amongst the project team, steakholders, neighbors & community members in order to understand & discuss community needs, issues & concerns

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20
Q

Charrettes

A

Intense workshops held @ the beginning of the project & during project milestones w/entire team for brainstorming & collabs among different disciplines

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21
Q

Linear Approach

A

Project team member completes a work individually & passes it onto the next person

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22
Q

Iterative Process

A

Ideas are developed by entire project team. Smaller groups research & refine topic, then brought back to table for group to make final decision

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23
Q

What laws take precedence over LEED requirements?

A
  • Inernational code council standards (ICC)
  • ADA
  • Zoning & local codes (building height, type of project, size of building, parking requirements)
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24
Q

What factors are effected by project location?

A
  • commuting in cars vs. near public transport
  • climate
  • soil type will effect structural calculation
  • underground water
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25
To turn project goals into a reality, a strong evaluation of the _____ is mandatory. It should assist the project teams rather than creating challenges.
Project location
26
What are some questions that should be asked in the pre-design phase to integrate the whole project team early on & develop an efficient project design?
- climate - rainfall - soil - vegetation - building orientation - occupants commuting - resources & construction material transportation to job site - building code requirements - how does energy get to site
27
Why does climate effect a project’s location?
Consider what type of HVAC system is used
28
Why is it important to consider a building’s orientation?
Get more sunlight & reduce operation costs
29
How can you use rainfall at a project’s location?
Capture & use for irrigation
30
Steps of the Design-Bid-Build process
Project owner > hires architect Architect > hires electrical & mechanical designers Electrical & mechanical > design parts seperately Construction plans issued > project owner bids to general contractors GC’s architect > architect meets w/ electrical & mechanical to resolve problems
31
Conventional Building Process
Project teams work in isolation & collab when problems occur
32
What is Life Cycle Costing?
Assess a product’s total cost by evaluating both its purchase price & operating costs i.e. cheap refrigerator vs. more expensive & durable
33
Conducting an ____ for the whole building is beneficial in showing the trade-offs b/w different materials & in helping in the selection of materials that would be best fit for the project & environment
LCA (lifecycle assessment)
34
Life Cycle Assessment/Approach
Evaluates all environmental effects of a project, product or service during its whole lifetime
35
Life Cycle Assessment Calculation
Cradle-to-grave + cradle-to-cradle + total energy use & other environmental consequences resulting from creation of that material
36
When deciding on the products to be used in projects & also support the decision making of the project teams, the life cycle approach should be implemented for environmental considerstions with _____. & for construction considerations _____ should be applied.
Life cycle assessment | Life cycle costing
37
Embodied Energy
Energy consumed resulting from a product’s manufacturing, transportation, installation & use
38
In order to avoid waste, closed systems should be formed & a product should become a part of another product after its useful life, through what process?
Recycling & reusing
39
What is the purpose of the Cradle-To-Cradle Approach?
Aims to extend product lifecycle to avoid waste
40
Cradle-To-Grave Approach
Investigating materials from their extraction to their disposal
41
What is a big/important part of Systems Thinking?
Being able to see where actions can yield big changes
42
Prius Effect
User responds to something only if they have real-time info about it i.e. Buiding automation system showing excess energy stats by tracking individual consumption of all building systems & fiding ways to reduce energy use
43
Positive vs. Negative Feedback Loop
Positive - A producing B which in turn produces more A Negative - A change brings an additional change in the opposite direction
44
Emergent Properties
Certain properties that emerge as a result of interaction w/individual elements Different individual parts work to create a whole system
45
What can have emergent properties?
Systems, not individual
46
Closed System
Doesn’t produce waste product @ end, system continues independently i.e. Water cycle, nature
47
Open System
System that constantly consumes other items, uses them & produces waste @ end w/no feeback loops i.e. A city
48
Integrated Process
Emphasizes importance of connection & communication among all professionals & steakholders in the project to work together from start to finish for better high performance building
49
Name the 5 systems of a building
REMBI is in the building 🪩🕺🏼 - resources - energy - materials - building occupants - information
50
Systems Thinking
Understanding every system of a building & their relationships, looking at the project as a whole
51
What are the factors used to select building materials?
- raw material of product - extracted in reasonable manner - how long it can be used - maintenance required - what happens to it once useful lifecycle ends? Recycled? - cause harm to environment
52
3 concepts of sustainable thinking & green building (not part of the conventional building process)
- systems thinking - life cycle approach - integrated process
53
Energy generated on site through burning fossil fuels fall under which scope of energy?
Scope 1
54
What does Scope 3 energy relate to?
Energy sources that are NOT owned or directly controlled
55
What does Scope 2 energy relate to?
Purchased energy
56
What does Scope 1 energy relate to?
Direct energy from owned or controlled sources
57
Common sources of federal greenhouse emissions under scope 3?
- transmission & distribution losses from purchased electricity - business travel - employee commuting - controlled solid waste disposal - contracted wastewater treatment
58
Common sources of federal greenhouse gas emissions under scope 2?
- purchased electricity - purchased heating/cooling - purchased steam
59
Common sources of federal greenhouse gas emissions under scope 1?
- vehicles & equipment - stationary sources - on site landfills & wastewater treatment - fugitive emissions
60
What is the 1st thing a green community should implement?
Reduction of distances vehicles travel
61
What has become the #1 cause for global climate change?
Increase in CO2 in the atmosphere from human activity
62
Primary greenhouse gases on earth
- water vapor - carbon dioxide - nitrous oxide - methane - ozone
63
According to the bottom line, what is the benefit of a skylight?
- reduce energy consumed by lights - reduce greenhouse emissions - less energy = less $ - natural light = healthier workplace 🙂
64
According to the triple bottom line, all green buildings should establish what 3 components?
- profit (economic prosperity) - people (social responsibility) - planet (environmental stewardship) At the same time
65
What are Net-Zero energy projects?
Projects that only use their own generated renewable energy
66
Regenerative Design
A type of building design that creates no waste & provides more output than consumed input
67
Why are green building occupants satisfied more so than in regular building?
- lower level pollutants - superior air, lighting, accoustical qualities - contribute to health & productivity
68
List the percentages of benefits for green building
33% lower CO2 emissions 27% energy use reduction 27% higher levels occupants happy 13% lower maintenance $
69
The average green building uses how much less energy than a normal building?
24%
70
Why do buildings harm the environment?
- wildlife habitats destroyed & soil becomes impermeable - manufacturing causes pollution to water & air, release of toxic gases & chemicals - energy consumption = increase gas emissions - adds to the consumption of potable water - commuters increase energy & gases
71
What % do built environments contribute to all greenhouse emissions?
67%
72
Buildings produce more CO2 than what 2 factors?
Transportation & industrial emitters
73
Buildings in the US account for what %s of environmental impacts on Built Environments?
``` 72% electricity consumption 40% raw materials use * 38% CO2 emissions 30% waste output 24-50% energy use 14% potable water consumption ```
74
What is a built environment?
Man-made surroundings that are needed for human activity | i.e. roads, buildings, neighborhoods
75
What is green building?
The practice of creating structures & using processes that are environmentally responsible & resource-efficient throughout a building’s life cycle
76
Phases of the integrated process
Discovery > Design & Construction > Occupancy, Operations & Performance
77
What is the maximum space allowed between two points when conducting ASE1000,250 reporting?
2 ft

LEED GA (12 decks)

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