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LEED GA > Intro to Green Building & Sustainablity > Flashcards

Intro to Green Building & Sustainablity Flashcards

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1
Q

What happens during the Occupancy, Operations & Performance Feedback Phase of the integrated process?

A
  • performance checked throughout lifetime of building
  • data monitored
  • repeat training for building personnel & occupants
  • educated about green features of building & sustainable practices
  • feeback from users & personnel
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2
Q

What happens during the Design & Construction Phase of the integrated process?

A
  • meetings held continuously w/all members
  • actions taken to protect workers, building occupants, neighborhood & surrounding environment from construction
  • LEED requirements for certificate documented
  • train building personnel to maintain green standards
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3
Q

What happens during the Discovery Phase of the integrated process?

A

(GOALS & BUDGET)
Predesign to ensure project goals are set early & cost-effectively
i.e.
- risks identified
- triple bottom line assessed
- system created for collab of whole team
- location chosen well
- codes & standards evaluated
- LEED requirements & level of certification considered
- life cycle costing
- life cycle assessment
- computer modeling to evaluate strategy & alternatives

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4
Q

To reveal building problems during O&M, what kind of inspections can be conducted?

A
  • Retro-commissioning (efficiency of building’s system & equipment)
  • Energy & water audits
  • Solid waste audits
  • Occupant surveys
  • Green purchasing & green house keeping program assessments
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5
Q

How often do projects need to be re-certified to not lose their LEED O&M certification?

A

5 years

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6
Q

Training building operations personnel after construction is complete on all the assumptions that are made during the design & the performance of all building systems establishes a successful _______ phase

A

O&M (ongoing operations & maintenance)

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7
Q

What are considered Hard Costs during construction?

A

Costs that physically contribute to the construction

i. e.
- labor
- construction materials
- equipment

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8
Q

Soft Costs during the construction phase cover what?

A

Everything needed for developing a project that does not physically contribute to the building

i. e.
- management & supervision costs
- design costs
- permits
- taxes

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9
Q

What does a Waste Management Plan during construction address?

A

The storage, collection & disposal of waste generated during the construction phase, recyclable & landfill waste

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10
Q

What are some ways you can develop an Indoor Air Quality Management Plan during construction?

A
  • Protect HVAC from dust
  • Use materials w/minimal levels of toxicity
  • Vent whole building to clear construction contamination before occupancy
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11
Q

During construction, prevent air & water pollution by implementing an ______ & _____ Control Plan, that also includes a ______ Prevention Plan to prevent erosion, sedimentation & stormwater pollution to the water bodies, wetlands & entire neighborhood

A

Erosion & Sedementation

Stormwater Pollution

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12
Q

How is a BIM used in the LEED system? Pre req or credit?

A

Pre-requesite & a credit that requires use of a BIM to show how much energy savings is established by implementing different strategies

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13
Q

Benefits of using a BIM?

A
  • define types of materials planned to use
  • set project location
  • run energy simulations for building according to climate & location
  • sunlight interacts w/building & adjust orientation
  • locations of windows & skylights
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14
Q

What does BIM stand for?

A

Building Information Model

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15
Q

What is Building Information Modeling?

A

Creation of a 3D project model to better understand how to maximize green benefits

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16
Q

Role of a LEED project administer

A
  • Primary contact of USGBC/GBCI for LEED project

- Act as a project manager, overseeing LEED certification process

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17
Q

LEED AP vs LEED GA project duties

A

LEED AP -
- support & encourage integrated design, streamline the application & certification process

LEED GA -
- provide support to other project team members

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18
Q

Design-Build Approach

A

All people who make up all parts of a project work collaboratively from the beginning of the project (i.e. steakholders, design teams, construction teams)

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19
Q

Steakholder Meetings

A

Meetings conducted amongst the project team, steakholders, neighbors & community members in order to understand & discuss community needs, issues & concerns

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20
Q

Charrettes

A

Intense workshops held @ the beginning of the project & during project milestones w/entire team for brainstorming & collabs among different disciplines

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21
Q

Linear Approach

A

Project team member completes a work individually & passes it onto the next person

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22
Q

Iterative Process

A

Ideas are developed by entire project team. Smaller groups research & refine topic, then brought back to table for group to make final decision

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23
Q

What laws take precedence over LEED requirements?

A
  • Inernational code council standards (ICC)
  • ADA
  • Zoning & local codes (building height, type of project, size of building, parking requirements)
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24
Q

What factors are effected by project location?

A
  • commuting in cars vs. near public transport
  • climate
  • soil type will effect structural calculation
  • underground water
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25
Q

To turn project goals into a reality, a strong evaluation of the _____ is mandatory. It should assist the project teams rather than creating challenges.

A

Project location

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26
Q

What are some questions that should be asked in the pre-design phase to integrate the whole project team early on & develop an efficient project design?

A
  • climate
  • rainfall
  • soil
  • vegetation
  • building orientation
  • occupants commuting
  • resources & construction material transportation to job site
  • building code requirements
  • how does energy get to site
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27
Q

Why does climate effect a project’s location?

A

Consider what type of HVAC system is used

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28
Q

Why is it important to consider a building’s orientation?

A

Get more sunlight & reduce operation costs

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29
Q

How can you use rainfall at a project’s location?

A

Capture & use for irrigation

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30
Q

Steps of the Design-Bid-Build process

A

Project owner > hires architect

Architect > hires electrical & mechanical designers

Electrical & mechanical > design parts seperately

Construction plans issued > project owner bids to general contractors

GC’s architect > architect meets w/ electrical & mechanical to resolve problems

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31
Q

Conventional Building Process

A

Project teams work in isolation & collab when problems occur

32
Q

What is Life Cycle Costing?

A

Assess a product’s total cost by evaluating both its purchase price & operating costs
i.e.
cheap refrigerator vs. more expensive & durable

33
Q

Conducting an ____ for the whole building is beneficial in showing the trade-offs b/w different materials & in helping in the selection of materials that would be best fit for the project & environment

A

LCA (lifecycle assessment)

34
Q

Life Cycle Assessment/Approach

A

Evaluates all environmental effects of a project, product or service during its whole lifetime

35
Q

Life Cycle Assessment Calculation

A

Cradle-to-grave +
cradle-to-cradle +
total energy use & other environmental consequences resulting from creation of that material

36
Q

When deciding on the products to be used in projects & also support the decision making of the project teams, the life cycle approach should be implemented for environmental considerstions with _____. & for construction considerations _____ should be applied.

A

Life cycle assessment

Life cycle costing

37
Q

Embodied Energy

A

Energy consumed resulting from a product’s manufacturing, transportation, installation & use

38
Q

In order to avoid waste, closed systems should be formed & a product should become a part of another product after its useful life, through what process?

A

Recycling & reusing

39
Q

What is the purpose of the Cradle-To-Cradle Approach?

A

Aims to extend product lifecycle to avoid waste

40
Q

Cradle-To-Grave Approach

A

Investigating materials from their extraction to their disposal

41
Q

What is a big/important part of Systems Thinking?

A

Being able to see where actions can yield big changes

42
Q

Prius Effect

A

User responds to something only if they have real-time info about it
i.e.
Buiding automation system showing excess energy stats by tracking individual consumption of all building systems & fiding ways to reduce energy use

43
Q

Positive vs. Negative Feedback Loop

A

Positive -
A producing B which in turn produces more A

Negative -
A change brings an additional change in the opposite direction

44
Q

Emergent Properties

A

Certain properties that emerge as a result of interaction w/individual elements

Different individual parts work to create a whole system

45
Q

What can have emergent properties?

A

Systems, not individual

46
Q

Closed System

A

Doesn’t produce waste product @ end, system continues independently
i.e.
Water cycle, nature

47
Q

Open System

A

System that constantly consumes other items, uses them & produces waste @ end w/no feeback loops
i.e.
A city

48
Q

Integrated Process

A

Emphasizes importance of connection & communication among all professionals & steakholders in the project to work together from start to finish for better high performance building

49
Q

Name the 5 systems of a building

A

REMBI is in the building 🪩🕺🏼

  • resources
  • energy
  • materials
  • building occupants
  • information
50
Q

Systems Thinking

A

Understanding every system of a building & their relationships, looking at the project as a whole

51
Q

What are the factors used to select building materials?

A
  • raw material of product
  • extracted in reasonable manner
  • how long it can be used
  • maintenance required
  • what happens to it once useful lifecycle ends? Recycled?
  • cause harm to environment
52
Q

3 concepts of sustainable thinking & green building (not part of the conventional building process)

A
  • systems thinking
  • life cycle approach
  • integrated process
53
Q

Energy generated on site through burning fossil fuels fall under which scope of energy?

A

Scope 1

54
Q

What does Scope 3 energy relate to?

A

Energy sources that are NOT owned or directly controlled

55
Q

What does Scope 2 energy relate to?

A

Purchased energy

56
Q

What does Scope 1 energy relate to?

A

Direct energy from owned or controlled sources

57
Q

Common sources of federal greenhouse emissions under scope 3?

A
  • transmission & distribution losses from purchased electricity
  • business travel
  • employee commuting
  • controlled solid waste disposal
  • contracted wastewater treatment
58
Q

Common sources of federal greenhouse gas emissions under scope 2?

A
  • purchased electricity
  • purchased heating/cooling
  • purchased steam
59
Q

Common sources of federal greenhouse gas emissions under scope 1?

A
  • vehicles & equipment
  • stationary sources
  • on site landfills & wastewater treatment
  • fugitive emissions
60
Q

What is the 1st thing a green community should implement?

A

Reduction of distances vehicles travel

61
Q

What has become the #1 cause for global climate change?

A

Increase in CO2 in the atmosphere from human activity

62
Q

Primary greenhouse gases on earth

A
  • water vapor
  • carbon dioxide
  • nitrous oxide
  • methane
  • ozone
63
Q

According to the bottom line, what is the benefit of a skylight?

A
  • reduce energy consumed by lights
  • reduce greenhouse emissions
  • less energy = less $
  • natural light = healthier workplace 🙂
64
Q

According to the triple bottom line, all green buildings should establish what 3 components?

A
  • profit (economic prosperity)
  • people (social responsibility)
  • planet (environmental stewardship)

At the same time

65
Q

What are Net-Zero energy projects?

A

Projects that only use their own generated renewable energy

66
Q

Regenerative Design

A

A type of building design that creates no waste & provides more output than consumed input

67
Q

Why are green building occupants satisfied more so than in regular building?

A
  • lower level pollutants
  • superior air, lighting, accoustical qualities
  • contribute to health & productivity
68
Q

List the percentages of benefits for green building

A

33% lower CO2 emissions
27% energy use reduction
27% higher levels occupants happy
13% lower maintenance $

69
Q

The average green building uses how much less energy than a normal building?

A

24%

70
Q

Why do buildings harm the environment?

A
  • wildlife habitats destroyed & soil becomes impermeable
  • manufacturing causes pollution to water & air, release of toxic gases & chemicals
  • energy consumption = increase gas emissions
  • adds to the consumption of potable water
  • commuters increase energy & gases
71
Q

What % do built environments contribute to all greenhouse emissions?

A

67%

72
Q

Buildings produce more CO2 than what 2 factors?

A

Transportation & industrial emitters

73
Q

Buildings in the US account for what %s of environmental impacts on Built Environments?

A 
72% electricity consumption
40% raw materials use
* 38% CO2 emissions
30% waste output
24-50% energy use
14% potable water consumption
74
Q

What is a built environment?

A

Man-made surroundings that are needed for human activity

i.e. roads, buildings, neighborhoods

75
Q

What is green building?

A

The practice of creating structures & using processes that are environmentally responsible & resource-efficient throughout a building’s life cycle

76
Q

Phases of the integrated process

A

Discovery > Design & Construction > Occupancy, Operations & Performance

77
Q

What is the maximum space allowed between two points when conducting ASE1000,250 reporting?

A

2 ft

LEED GA (12 decks)

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