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LEED GA > Location & Transportation > Flashcards

Location & Transportation Flashcards

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1
Q

Does the LT categories have any pre reqs?

A

No

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2
Q

What is smart growth?

A

the approach that protects undeveloped lands & contributes to developments in projects near jobs, schools, shops & other destination points w/ diverse uses

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3
Q

What is undeveloped land referred to as?

A

A greenfield

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4
Q

To promote smart growth, some municipalities offer increased ____ in urban areas.

A

Floor to area ratios (FAR)

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5
Q

How is FAR (floor to area ratios) calculated?

A

Total sq ft of building
- Divided by -
Total sq ft of the lot

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6
Q

What are types of buildings built on the entire lot called?

A

Zero lot line projects

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7
Q

To protect the habitat, buildings should not be developed inside ____, instead ____ sites should be preferred

A

Sensitive lands;

Infill sites

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8
Q

What is an infill lot/site?

A

Sites that were either previously developed on or were already being used for other purposes in urban areas

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9
Q

What types of sensitive lands should not be developed on?

A
  • farmland
  • sites close to wetlands & water bodies
  • public parkland
  • areas below floodplain
  • areas part of habitats or endangered species
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10
Q

What are brownfield sites? What is an example?

A

Sites previously developed that were contaminated w/ waste or pollution

Ex: site w/ an abandoned building that has unknown contamination

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11
Q

What are the benefits of building on a brownfield site?

A

More LEED credit points, tax incentives to support development

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12
Q

What percentage of a project’s total greenhouse gas emissions is attributed to transportation?

A

50%

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13
Q

What percentage of the total US greenhouse gas emissions is attributed to transportation?

A

33%

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14
Q

How can a project reduce the consequences of transportation?

A
  • access to alternative modes of transportation
  • encourage walking & biking
  • promote alternative fuel vehicles
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15
Q

What kinds of cars are eligible to be green vehicles & classified under the zero emissions vehicles by the california air resources board (CARB)?

A

Earned green score of 45 or more from the American council for an energy efficient economy (ACEEE)

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16
Q

What 4 strategies can be used to reduce fossil fuel usage for employees?

A
  • compressed workweek (work more hours during week for a day off)
  • telecommuting (work from home)
  • incentives for carpooling
  • parking rates made more expensive
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17
Q

What 2 strategies can be utilized to reduce vehicle usage in a location close to a bicycle network?

A
  • provide bike racks

- provide showers

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18
Q

A healthy neighborhood should contain what?

A
  • Wide sidewalks, benches, bicycle networks
  • business centers, retail services, schools, etc within walking distance
  • public transportation options accessible
  • street layouts allow for easy connectivity
  • support access to sustainable food (if community gardens, farmers markets & agriculture programs are established )
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19
Q

What does a compact development strategy promote?

A

Efficient neighborhoods and reduce green house gases

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20
Q

How many points can be rewarded for the LEED for neighborhood development location credit?

A

8-16

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21
Q

What is the intent of the LEED for neighborhood development location credit?

A

Avoid development on inappropriate sites, to reduce vehicle miles traveled & contribute to human health by encouraging physical activity & enhancing livability

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22
Q

LEED ND sites need to be ____ in order to gain points under the LEED for neighborhood development location credit. Conditional approvals or pre reviewed LEED ND sites do not count.

A

Certified

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23
Q

Why are projects pursuing the LEED for neighborhood development location not eligible to receive any other location & transportation credits?

A

Projects located inside a LEED ND certified land will mostly cover the goals of the other LT credits

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24
Q

How many points can be earned for the sensitive land protection credit? What are the parameters?

A

1 point - locate development on previously developed land
OR
1 point - if not previously developed, the land or a portion of the land should not fall under: prime farmland, floodplains, wetlands or water body, habitat

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25
Q

What is the intent of the sensitive land protection credit?

A

Avoid development of environmentally sensitive lands & reduce ecological impact from the location of a building on site

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26
Q

Floodplains are defined by what?

A

Floor hazard maps of FEMA

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27
Q

If no floodplain map exists for a potential building site, project teams will need to make sure that the area is not subject to ____% or greater change to flooding in a year.

A

1%

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28
Q

No development can be made within ___ ft of water bodies

A

100 ft

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29
Q

No development can be made within ____ ft of a wetland

A

50 ft

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30
Q

Who & what defines what is considered a prime farmland?

A 
US department of agriculture - US code of federal regulations
Title 7
Volume 6
Parts 400-699
Section 657.5
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31
Q

What 3 acts define endangered/threatened species?

A

US endangered species act,
NatureServe,
International Union for conservation of nature red list global

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32
Q

How many points can be earned for the high priority site credit?

A

1-2

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33
Q

What is the intent of the high priority site credit?

A

Encourage the project location to be inside areas w/ development constraints & promote the health of the surrounding areas

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34
Q

What are the 3 options for credit requirements pertaining to the high priority site credit?

A 
Historic district
OR 
priority designation
OR
brownfield remediation
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35
Q

How can a land be qualified as an infill site? (%)

A

At least 75% of land already developed w/ in 1/2 mile of the project boundary

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36
Q

What are considered priority designations under the high priority site credit?

A
  • federal empowerment/enterprise/renewal community site
  • a site listed by EPA’s national priorities list
  • qualified low income community
  • qualified difficult development area
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37
Q

What defines National priority sites?

A

US environmental protection agency (EPA)‘s national priorities list

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38
Q

What defines federal empowerment zones, federal enterprise communities & federal renewal communities?

A

US housing & urban development

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39
Q

Who provides funds for low income communities?

A

US department of treasury, community development financial institutions

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40
Q

How many points can be earned under the surrounding density and diverse uses credit?

A

1-5

41
Q

What is the intent of the surrounding density & diverse uses credit?

A

Conserve land & protect farmland & wildlife habitats by promoting development in areas with existing density
i.e.
promoting daily walks, improving transportation efficiency, & reducing vehicle distance traveled

42
Q

What are the 2 options for credits under the surrounding density & diverse use credit?

A
  • 2-3 points - locate project on site where the 1/4 mile radius of a project boundary meets density requirements
    AND/OR
  • 1-2 points - locate project so the building’s main entrance is w/in 1/2 mile walking distance of main entrance of 4-7 (1 point) or 8+ (2 points) existing diverse uses
43
Q

Under the surrounding density & diverse uses credit, what are the categories of diverse uses?

A
  • food retail (ex: grocery store)
  • community serving retail (ex: pharmacy, hardware store)
  • services (ex: bank, gym, salon, restaurant)
  • civic & community facilities (ex: school, post office, church)
  • community anchor uses (ex: commercial office)
44
Q

Facilities from at least ___ of the 5 diverse uses categories should be present to earn points toward the surrounding density & diverse uses credit. However, the same type of diverse use cannot be counted as more than ___ diverse uses.

A
  • 3/5

- 2

45
Q

In LEED, ____ is walking distance to diverse uses that is measured from the entrance of the building to the main entrance of the diverse use

A

1/2 mile

46
Q

How many points can be earned under the access to quality transit credit?

A

1-5

47
Q

To whom is quality transit considerably helpful?

A

People who don’t own cars, elderly people who can’t drive

48
Q

What is the intent of the access to quality transit credit?

A

Promote development in locations that have multiple transportation choices which reduces greenhouse gas emissions by cars & other negative environmental factors attributed to cars

49
Q

As a credit requirement for access to quality transit, any functional building entry must be located w/in ___ walking distance of a bus, streetcar or ride share stop. Or locate entry w/in___ walking distance from bus rapid transit stops, rail stations, commuter rail stations or commuter ferry terminals

A

1/4 mile;

1/2 mile

50
Q

For LEED credits that require walking distance calculations, walkability should be confirmed by what?

A

Use of paths that provide safe & comfortable environments for pedestrians & part of continuous network of sidewalks

51
Q

How many points can be earned under the bicycle facilities credit?

A

1

52
Q

Under the bicycle facilities credit, what types of storage should be provided?

A

Long & short term

53
Q

What is the intent of the bicycle facilities credit?

A

Promote use of bikes, transportation efficiency, reduction of vehicle distance traveled, & improvement of human health by physical activity

54
Q

For the bicycle facilities credit, the project should be located so that the building’s functional entry or bike storage is w/in ____ of a bike network

A

200 yards

55
Q

All diverse uses should be w/in a ___ biking distance of the project boundary

A

3 mile

56
Q

How is short term bicycle storage defined?

A

Used by visitors for less than 2 hours & is not an enclosed parking

57
Q

How is long term bicycle storage defined?

A

Protected storage from rain & snow for residents or employees

58
Q

Commercial or institutional projects must provide short term bike storage for __% of peak visitors, & long term bike storage for at least __% of all regular building occupants

A

2.5%;

5%

59
Q

Short term & long term bike storage cannot be fewer than how many spaces?

A

4

60
Q

Residential projects must provide short term bike storage for __% of peak visitors, & long term bike storage for __% all regular building occupants

A

2.5%;

30% (can’t be less than 1 space per residential unit)

61
Q

All short term bike storage should be w/in ___ of any main entrance, & all long term bike storage should be w/in __ of any functional entrance

A

100 ft;

100 ft

62
Q

In addition to bike storage for a commercial & institutional project, what else must be provided?

A

On site showers with a changing facility

63
Q

How many points can be earned under the reduced parking footprint credit?

A

1

64
Q

How do the surfaces of parking lots attribute to increase of air temperatures in urban areas?

A

Trapping heat & resulting in heat island effects

65
Q

How do parking lots attribute to water pollution?

A

They are impervious surfaces that cause runoff & carry contaminants into waterways

66
Q

What are ways in which we can implement transportation demand strategies under the reduced parking footprint credit?

A
  • working from home (telecommuting)
  • compressed workweek schedule
  • provide shuttle for employees
  • residential units sold separately from parking
  • shared parking between uses
  • nearby public transit
67
Q

What is the intent of the reduced parking footprint credit?

A

Minimize environmental harm related to cars, land consumption, rainwater runoff & parking facilities

68
Q

Projects should not exceed what requirements for parking capacities?

A

Minimum local code requirements

69
Q

Projects that have not earned points under “surrounding density & diverse uses” or “access to quality transit” credits should achieve a __% reduction from the base parking capacity ratios.

A

20%

70
Q

Projects that have earned 1+ points under either the “surrounding density & diverse uses” credit or “access to quality transportation” credit should achieve a __% reduction from the base parking capacity ratio

A

40%

71
Q

Calculations for the reduced parking footprint credit must also include all of the project boundary parking spaces that are leased or owned by the project, except for ___

A

Public on street parking

72
Q

Projects trying to earn credits from the reduced parking footprint category need to provide preferred parking for carpools for __% of the total parking after the reductions have been made from the base ratios.

A

5%

73
Q

Base parking capacity ratios are referenced from the what? As shown where?

A

Parking consultants council;
Institute of transportation engineers’ transportation planning handbook
3rd edition
Tables 18-2 to 8-4

74
Q

How many points can be earned for the green vehicles credit?

A

1

75
Q

In the US, what percentage of total greenhouse emissions come from combustion of petroleum based fuels?

A

27%

76
Q

What is the intent of the green vehicles credit?

A

Reduce pollution by encouraging alternatives to conveniently fueled cars

77
Q

Under the green vehicle credit, what percentage of all parking spaces should be designated as preferred parking for green vehicles?

A

5%

78
Q

As an alternative to providing preferred parking to green vehicles, a discounted parking rate of at least __% for green vehicles can be provided. It must be publicly posted at the entrance & available permanently.

A

20%

79
Q

What are the 2 options for points under the green vehicles credit?

A
  • 1 point - Electric vehicle charging
    OR
  • 1 point - liquid, gas or battery facilities
80
Q

If installing electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE), what percentage of parking spaces must be designated as such?

A

2%

81
Q

What are alternative fuel types?

A

Non gasoline, low polluting fuels:

  • hydrogen
  • electricity
  • propane
  • compressed natural gas
  • liquid natural gas
  • menthol
  • ethanol
82
Q

Walking distances (shortest path analysis) & cycling distances must be measured against what?

A

Walking- safe & comfortable areas for pedestrians (sidewalks & crosswalks)

Biking - safe & comfortable areas for bikers (bike lanes, off street bike paths)

83
Q

When calculating distances for both walking & cycling, what gives you the total distance from the origin to the destination?

A

Sum of the continuous segments of the route

84
Q

What is pooled parking?

A

Shared parking spaces among two or more buildings

85
Q

If no parking spaces are assigned to the project, what credit is awarded?

A

Reduced parking footprint

86
Q

How many total points can be earned max for the Location & Transportation category?

A

16

87
Q

How many prerequisites does the Location & Transporation category have?

A

0

88
Q

What are the credit categorizes for Location & Transportation?

A
  • LEED for neighborhood development location
  • Sensitive land protection
  • High priority site
  • Surrounding density & diverse uses
  • Access to Quality Transit
  • Bicycle facilities
  • Reduced carbon footprint
  • Green vehicles
89
Q

Who provides base parking capacity ratios for buildings?

A

Parking consultants council, transportation planning handbook 3rd edition

90
Q

Who defines green vehicles?

A

American council of energy efficient economy (ACEEE)

91
Q

What is the minimum score a green vehicle can score to qualify with ACEEE?

A

45

92
Q

What type(s) of building(s) are considered a diverse use under the food retail category?

A

Grocery stores

93
Q

What type(s) of building(s) are considered a diverse use under the community serving retail category?

A

Pharmacy

Hardware store

94
Q

What type(s) of building(s) are considered a diverse use under the services category?

A

Bank
Gym
Salon
Restaurant

95
Q

What type(s) of building(s) are considered a diverse use under the civic & community facilities category?

A

School
Post office
Church

96
Q

What type(s) of building(s) are considered a diverse use under the community anchor category?

A

Commercial office

97
Q

What are the 3 bicycle network types/sizes?

A
  1. Off street @ least 8 ft wide or 2 way path @ least 5 ft wide
  2. On street bike lanes @ least 5ft wide
  3. Streets designated for a target speed of > 25 mph
98
Q

When constructing bicycle networks, what is the minimum distance or width allowed for a two-way bicycle path or trail?

A

8 ft

LEED GA (12 decks)

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