materials and their applicatios Flashcards
fibre
a fine hair like thread that can be spun with others to make yarn
synthetic fibre
fibers made by humans through chemical synthesis - made from synthetic polymers
linen properties/disadvantages + examples of use
a natural fibres plant cellulosic
absorbent, insulating, strong, not electrifying
expensive, crease easily
bedsheets
cotton properties/disadvantages + use
natural fibre plant cellulosic
soft, durable, absorbing, breathable
bad for environment to grow/flammable
t-shirts
viscose
manufactured fibre
Soft, lightweight, absorbing
creases easily
everyday clothing
lyocell
manufactured fibre
absorbing, environmental friendly (recycled chemicals - closed loop system) ,
delicate
clothing
polyester
synthetic fibre
crease resistant, strong, abrasion resistant, cheap
not absorbent
t-shirts
acrylic
synthetic fibre soft and insulating, warm and sunlight resistant replacement for wool e.g not very strong, flammable jumpers
smart materials
materials that are able to react to external stimuli without human intervention
e.g photochromic fabrics are dyed using specific types of dye that responds to UV light changes.
modern textiles
fibres that have been modified to have properties needed for specific purposes
e.g microfibres - very lightweight soft, blended with natural fibres to give high performance fabrics for outside sports
industrial vs workshop testing
requires specialist equipment and conditions which are unlikely available in school or college workshop .
types of testing
flammability shrink resistance colour fastness (retaining dye) strength pilling
why we test fabrics
helps with quality control when being manufactured and provides cautions of what to be careful with when using the material
regenerated fibre
very absorbent not strong
