Mata I Flashcards

1
Q

gejala:
- nyeri dan bengkak di orbita bagian temporal
- tes regurgitasi (-)
- anel test (+)
dx?

A

darkrioadenitis

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2
Q

dakrioadenitis adalah

A
  • infeksi pada glandula lakrimalis
  • pada anaksering sbg komplikasi penyakit sistemik spt morbili
  • pd dewasa krn trauma
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3
Q

tatalaksana dakrioadenitis

A

simptomatik
kompres hangat

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4
Q

gejala:
- epifora
- tanda inflamasi: eksudat, merah, nyeri tekan di sisi nasal inferior
- regurgitasi (+)
- anel test (-)
dx?

A

dakriosistitis

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5
Q

dakriosistitis adalah

A

infeksi pada saccus lacrimalis

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6
Q

etiologi dakriosistitis

A

S. aureus
S. pneumonia
H. influenza

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7
Q

Tx dakriosistitis

A

antibiotik sistemik
- Coamoxiclav 3x500 PO
antibitik topikal
irigasi (tidak saat fase akut)

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8
Q

gejala:
- epifora
- sekret sejak lahir
- dakriosistitis rekuren
- tanda radang (-)
dx?

A

dakriostenosis

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9
Q

dakriostenosis ialah

A

penyempitan saccus larcrimalis baik kongenital maupun ecquired ec trauma

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10
Q

px penunjang awal dakriostenosis

A

anel test

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11
Q

px penunjang gld standard dakriostenosis

A

dakriosistografi

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12
Q

tx dakriostenosis kongenital

A

<12 bulan: observasi, masase
>12bulan: probing, di spesialis

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13
Q

tx acquired dakriostenosis

A

dacriocystorhinostomy

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14
Q

anel test prosedur

A

memasukkan jarum tumpul ke punctum lacrimal, menyemprotkan larutan garam fisiologis untuk uji patensi

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15
Q

anel test hasil

A

anel test + : normal, ada rasa asin di tenggorokan
anel test -: ada gangguan patensi, tidak ada rasa asin

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16
Q

prosedur regurgitation test

A

penekanan area saccus lacrimalis

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17
Q

hasil regurgitation test

A

regurgitasi +: gangguan patensi
regurgitasi -: normal

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18
Q

inspeksi:
margo palpebra menggulung ke dalam
gejala:
- sensasi benda asing
- fotofobia
- nyeri
- lakrimasi
dx?

A

entropion

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19
Q

etiologi entropion

A
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20
Q

tx entropion

A

rekonstruksi palpebra

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21
Q

inspeksi:
penggulungan margo palpebra ke arah luar
gejala:
- sensasi benda asing
- fotofobia
- nyeri
- lakrimasi
dx?

A

ektropion

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22
Q

inspeksi:
perlekatan keonjungtiva palpebra + bulbi
gejala:
- keterbatasan gerak bola mata
- diplopia
- lagoftalmos
Dx?

A

simblefaron

23
Q

etiologi simblefaron

A

trauma, konjungtivitis, Sindrom Steven-Johnson

24
Q

inspeksi:
perlekatan margo palpebra superior dan inferior

A

ankyloblepharon

25
Q

etiologi ankyloblepharon

A

kongenital, trauma, blefaritis ulseratif

26
Q

gejala:
ketidakmampuan menutup bola mata, mata kering
Dx?

A

lagoftalmos

27
Q

etiologi lagoftalmos

A

paralisis N.VII, trauma, simblefaron, ektropion berat

28
Q

gejala:
jatuhnya palpebra superior sehingga menutupi bola mata
amblyopia
Dx?

29
Q

etiologi ptosis

A

kongenital, paralisis N.III

30
Q

Tx simblefaron

A

artificial tears
simblefarektomi

31
Q

Tx ankyloblepharon

A

eksisi dan separasi palpebra

32
Q

Tx lagoftalmos

A

artificial tears
antibiotik

33
Q

Tx ptosis

A

koreksi bedah

34
Q

gejala:
- lipatan kulit vertical pada canthus medial
- biasa ditemukan di orang asia
- menyebabkan pseudoesotropia
Dx?

A

epicanthus

35
Q

gejala:
- jarak intercanthus melebar
- etiologi: trauma, kongenital (down syndrome)
Dx?

A

telecanthus

36
Q

kulit pretarsal dan otot orbicularis oculi menyebabkan bulu mata nekuk ke arah tarsus
Dx?

A

epiblepharon

37
Q

inspeksi:
tumbuhnya bulu mata ke arah dalam
posisi palpebra normal
gejala:
- sensasi benda asing
- fotofobia
- nyeri
- lakrimasi
Dx?

A

trichiasis

38
Q

etiologi trichiasis

A

trachoma, blefaritis ulseratif, hordeolum eksternum

39
Q

Tx trichiasis

40
Q

inspeksi:
barisan bulu mata tambahan
dapat menekuk ke arah bola mata
gejala:
sensasi benda asing
fotofobia
nyeri
lakrimasi
Dx?

A

distichiasis

41
Q

tx distichiasis

42
Q

gejala:
benjolan lunak-keras di palpebra
tidak nyeri
tidak merah
steril
terasosiasi dengan rosacea
Dx?

43
Q

definisi & etiologi kalazion

A

peradangan granulomatosa KRONIS, NON INFEKTIF, pada kelanjar MEIBOM

44
Q

gejala:
- benjolan merah, hangat, edema, nyeri
- lebih nyeri dibanding hordeolum eksterna
- kalazion terinfeksi
Dx?

A

hordeolum interna

45
Q

definisi hordeolum interna

A

peradangan SUPURATIF , AKUT, kelenjar MEIBOM

46
Q

etiologi hordeolum internum

A

infeksi S. aureus
kalazion terinfeksi

47
Q

gejala:
benjolan merah, hangat, edema, nyeri
Dx?

A

hordeolum externum

48
Q

definisi hordeolum externum?

A

peradangan akut supuratif kelenjar Zeis dan Moll

49
Q

etiologi hordeolum externum

A

infeksi S. aureus

50
Q

Tx konservatif kalazion

A

injeksi steroid intralesi
Triamsonolon 40 mg/ml sebanyak 0.1-0.2 ml

51
Q

Tx konservatif hordeolum

A
  • eyelid hygiene
  • kompres hangat 4-6x/hari, 15 menit
  • antibiotik topikal
    → salep oksitetrasiklin/kloramfenikol 3x1
    → tetes mata kloramfenikol 0.25%
  • antibiotik oral
    → eritromisin 2x500, 3 hari
    → diklosasiklin 4x1, 3 hari
52
Q

Tx surgikal kalazion

A

ekokleasi kalazion

53
Q

Tx surgikal hordeolum internaI

A

insisi vertikal

54
Q

tx surgikal hordeolum eksterna

A

insisi horizontal