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Masterlist Flashcards

1
Q

Psoas Major

A
  • (w/ origin fixed) flex + laterally rotate hip, (w/ insertion fixed) flex trunk toward thigh + pelvic anterior tilt, stabilize hip joint when standing
  • PA: sides of T12-L5 vertebrae and discs b/w them, TP L1-L5
  • DA: lesser trochanter
  • anterior rami L1, L2, L3
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2
Q

Iliacus

A
  • (w/ origin fixed) flex + laterally rotate hip, (w/ insertion fixed) flex trunk toward thigh + pelvic anterior tilt
  • PA: iliac fossa, sacrum, anterior sacroiliac ligaments
  • DA: lesser trochanter, psoas tendon
  • femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)
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3
Q

Pectineus

A
  • adduct and slightly flex hip, assist w/ hip ER
  • PA: superior pubic ramus
  • DA: pectineal line of femur
  • femoral nerve (L2, L3), may receive branch from obturator nerve
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4
Q

Sartorius

A
  • flex, abduct, and ER hip; flex + IR knee
  • PA: ASIS
  • DA: pes anserinus of tibia
  • femoral nerve (L2, L3)
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5
Q

Gluteus Maximus

A
  • extend hip (especially from flexed position), assist w/ hip ER, fixes hip joint and assists in rising from sitting
  • PA: posterior gluteal line of ilium, dorsal sacrum + coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament
  • DA: most fibers end in iliotibial tract (inserts into Gerdy’s tubercle), some end in gluteal tuberosity
  • inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)
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6
Q

Gluteus Medius

A
  • abduct + IR hip, (posterior fibers) hip ER, keeps contralateral pelvis level during single limb stance
  • PA: ilium, b/w anterior and posterior gluteal lines
  • DA: greater trochanter
  • superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
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7
Q

Gluteus Minimus

A
  • abduct + IR hip, keeps contralateral pelvis level during single limb stance
  • PA: ilium, b/w anterior and inferior gluteal lines
  • DA: greater trochanter
  • superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
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8
Q

Tensor Fasciae Latae

A
  • abduct + IR hip, keeps contralateral pelvis level during single limb stance
  • PA: ASIS, anterior iliac crest
  • DA: iliotibial tract, which attaches to Gerdy’s tubercle of tibia
  • superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
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9
Q

Piriformis

A
  • ER extended hip, abduct flexed hip, stabilize hip joint
  • PA: anterior sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament
  • DA: greater trochanter
  • anterior rami S1, S2
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10
Q

Obturator Internus

A
  • ER extended hip, abduct flexed hip, stabilize hip joint
  • PA: pelvic surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bones
  • DA: greater trochanter
  • nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1)
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11
Q

Superior/Inferior Gemelli

A
  • ER extended hip, abduct flexed hip, stabilize hip joint
  • PA: (superior) ischial spine, (inferior) ischial tuberosity
  • DA: greater trochanter
  • (superior) nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1), (inferior) nerve to quadratus femoris (L5, S1)
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12
Q

Quadratus Femoris

A
  • hip ER, stabilize hip joint
  • PA: ischial tuberosity
  • DA: quadrate tubercle (just distal to greater trochanter)
  • nerve to quadratus femoris (L5, S1)
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13
Q

Adductor Longus

A
  • adduct hip
  • PA: body of pubis
  • DA: linea aspera
  • obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)
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14
Q

Adductor Brevis

A
  • adduct hip, to some extent flexes hip
  • PA: body and inferior ramus of pubis
  • DA: pectineal line, linea aspera
  • obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4)
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15
Q

Adductor Magnus

A
  • adduct hip, (adductor part) flex hip, (hamstring part) extend hip
  • PA: (adductor) inferior pubic ramus + ramus of ischium, (hamstring) ischial tuberosity
  • DA: (adductor) gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line; (hamstring) adductor tubercle
  • (adductor) obturator nerve (L2, L3, L4); (hamstring) tibial nerve (L4)
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16
Q

Gracilis

A
  • adduct hip; flex + IR knee
  • PA: body and inferior ramus of pubis
  • DA: pes anserinus of tibia
  • obturator nerve (L2, L3)
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17
Q

Obturator Externus

A
  • hip ER, stabilize hip joint
  • PA: margins of obturator foramen, obturator membrane
  • DA: greater trochanter
  • obturator nerve (L3, L4)
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18
Q

Rectus Femoris

A
  • extend knee, steadies hip joint, helps iliopsoas flex hip
  • PA: AIIS, ilium
  • DA: quadriceps tendon to tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
  • femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)
19
Q

Vastus Lateralis

A
  • extend knee
  • PA: greater trochanter, lateral lip of linea aspera
  • DA: quadriceps tendon to tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament; also attach to tibia and patella via aponeuroses (lateral patellar retinacula)
  • femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)
20
Q

Vastus Medialis

A
  • extend knee
  • PA: intertrochanteric line, medial lip of linea aspera
  • DA: quadriceps tendon to tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament; also attach to tibia and patella via aponeuroses (medial patellar retinacula)
  • femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)
21
Q

Vastus Intermedius

A
  • extend knee
  • PA: anterior and lateral shaft of femur
  • DA: quadriceps tendon to tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
  • femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)
22
Q

Semitendinosus

A
  • extend hip joint; flex + IR knee; when hip and knee joints are flexed, extend trunk at hip (to rise)
  • PA: ischial tuberosity
  • DA: pes anserinus of tibia
  • tibial nerve (L5, S1, S2)
23
Q

Semimembranosus

A
  • extend hip joint; flex + IR knee; when hip and knee joints are flexed, extend trunk at hip (to rise)
  • PA: ischial tuberosity
  • DA: posterior medial tibial condyle; reflected attachment forms oblique popliteal ligament (to lateral femoral condyle)
  • tibial nerve (L5, S1, S2)
24
Q

Biceps Femoris

A
  • flex + ER knee, (long head) extend hip
  • PA: (long head) ischial tuberosity); (short head) linea aspera, lateral supracondylar line
  • DA: lateral side of fibular head; tendon is split at this site by LCL
  • (long head) tibial nerve (L5, S1, S2), (short head) common fibular nerve (L5, S1, S2)
25
Q

Gastrocnemius

A
  • plantarflex ankle when knee is extended, raise heel when walking, flex knee joint
  • PA: (medial head) popliteal surface of femur, (lateral head) lateral femoral condyle
  • DA: calcaneus via calcaneal/achilles tendon
  • tibial nerve (S1, S2)
26
Q

Soleus

A
  • plantarflex ankle (independent of knee position), stabilize ankle joint
  • PA: posterior fibula, soleal line and medial tibia, tendinous arch extending b/w bony attachments
  • DA: calcaneus via calcaneal/achilles tendon
  • tibial nerve (S1, S2)
27
Q

Popliteus

A
  • unlock knee by rotating femur 5 degrees on fixed tibia, IR tibia of unplanted limb
  • PA: lateral condyle of femur, lateral meniscus
  • DA: posterior tibia above soleal line
  • tibial nerve (L4, L5, S1)
28
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus

A
  • flex great toe, weakly plantarflex ankle, support medial longitudinal arch of foot
  • PA: lower posterior surface of fibula, interosseous membrane
  • DA: base of distal phalanx of great toe
  • tibial nerve (S2, S3)
29
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus

A
  • flex digits 2-5, plantarflex ankle, support longitudinal arches of foot
  • PA: posterior tibia inferior to soleal line, by a bround tendon to fibula
  • DA: base of distal phalanges of digits 2-5
  • tibial nerve (S2, S3)
30
Q

Tibialis Posterior

A
  • plantarflex ankle, invert subtalar joint, maintain medial longitudinal arch of foot
  • PA: posterior tibia inferior to soleal line, posterior surface of fibula, interosseous membrane
  • DA: base of 2+3+4 metatarsals, tuberosity of navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid, sustentaculum tali of calcaneus
  • tibial nerve (L4, L5)
31
Q

Fibularis Longus

A
  • evert subtalar joint, weakly plantarflex ankle
  • PA: fibular head, superior lateral fibula
  • DA: base of 1st metatarsal, medial cuneiform
  • superficial fibular nerve (L5, S1, S2)
32
Q

Fibularis Brevis

A
  • evert subtalar joint, weakly plantarflex ankle
  • PA: inferior lateral fibula
  • DA: lateral side of base of 5th metatarsal
  • superficial fibular nerve (L5, S1, S2)
33
Q

Tibialis Anterior

A
  • dorsiflex ankle, invert subtalar joint
  • PA: lateral condyle and superior half of tibia, interosseous membrane
  • DA: base of 1st metatarsal, medial cuneiform
  • deep fibular nerve (L4, L5)
34
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus

A
  • extend great toe, dorsiflex ankle
  • PA: middle anterior fibula, interosseous membrane
  • DA: base of distal phalanx of great toe
  • deep fibular nerve (L5, S1)
35
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus

A
  • extend digits 2-5, dorsiflex ankle
  • PA: lateral condyle of tibia, superior surface of fibula, interosseous membrane
  • DA: middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5
  • deep fibular nerve (L5, S1)
36
Q

Fibularis Tertius

A
  • dorsiflex ankle, aids in eversion of subtalar joint
  • PA: inferior anterior surface of fibula, interosseous membrane
  • DA: dorsum of base of 5th metatarsal
  • deep fibular nerve (L5, S1)
37
Q

Flexor Digitorum Brevis

A
  • flex digits 2-5 (MTP, PIP)
  • PA: medial tubercle of calcaneal tuberosity, plantar aponeurosis, intermuscular septa
  • DA: both sides of middle phalanges of digits 2-5
  • medial plantar nerve (L5, S1)
38
Q

Quadratus Plantae

A
  • assist flexor digitorum longus in flexing digits 2-5 (MTP, IPs)
  • PA: medial calcaneus
  • DA: tendon of flexor digitorum longus
  • lateral plantar nerve (S1, S2, S3)
39
Q

Lumbricals

A
  • of digits 2-5, flex MTP + extend IPs
  • PA: tendons of flexor digitorum longus
  • DA: medial aspect of expansion over digits 2-5
  • (medial 1) medial plantar nerve (L5, S1); (lateral 3) lateral plantar nerve (S1, S2, S3)
40
Q

Adductor Hallucis

A
  • adduct 1st digit, assist in maintaining transverse arch by pulling metatarsals medially
  • PA: (oblique head) bases of metatarsals 2-4, (transverse head) plantar ligaments of MTP joints
  • DA: lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit
  • lateral plantar nerve (S1, S2, S3)
41
Q

Flexor Hallucis Brevis

A
  • flex MTP of 1st digit
  • PA: plantar cuboid, lateral cuneiforms
  • DA: both sides of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit (tendon contains 2 sesamoid bones of great toe)
  • medial plantar nerve (L5, S1)
42
Q

Plantar Interossei

A
  • adduct digits 3-5 (MTP)
  • PA: plantar medial shafts of metatarsals 3-5
  • DA: medial phalanges of digits 3-5
  • lateral plantar nerve (S1, S2, S3)
43
Q

Dorsal Interossei

A
  • abduct digits 2-4 (MTP)
  • PA: adjacent sides of shafts of metatarsals 1-5
  • DA: (1st) medial side of proximal phalanx of 2nd digit, (2nd-4th) lateral sides of digits 2-4
  • lateral plantar nerve (S1, S2, S3)

Anatomy 3 (6 decks)

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