Master the Boards: Ophthalmoogy

Question 1

What presents with itchy eyes, discharge, and normal pupillary size?

Answer 1

Conjunctivitis

Tx often topical antibiotics

Question 2

What is the most accurate test for diagnosis uveitis?

Answer 2

Slit lamp exam

Question 3

What presents with painful eye with a fixed, midpoint pupil?

What is the best tool for making diagnosis?

Answer 3

Glaucoma

Tonometry

Question 4

What cause of a red eye presents with the sensation of sand in the eyes?

What is the best tool for making a diagnosis?

Answer 4

Corneal abrasion

Fluorescin stain

Question 5

Name options for the medical management of chronic glaucoma?

What is done if medical management is inadequate?

Answer 5

Prostaglandin analogues, beta-blockers, alpha2-agonists, pilocarpine, topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Laser trabeculoplasty

Question 6

Describe presentation of acute-angle closure glaucoma

Cup to disc ratio is > ?

What are medical management options?

Answer 6

Sudden painful vision loss, hard pupil, red eye, worse when walking into dark room because pupillary dilation worsens

IV acetazolamide, IV mannitol, beta-blockers, pilocarpine, laser iridotomy

Question 7

Infection of the cornea =

Answer 7

Keratitis

Question 8

A dendritic pattern seen on fluorescin staining indicates what disease?

What medication should NOT be given or else it may worsen disease?

Answer 8

Herpetic keratitis

Steroids

Question 9

Is there a medical therapy for cataracts?

Answer 9

No, the lens needs to be surgically removed and replaced

Question 10

What is the most accurate test to diagnose diabetic retinopathy?

Answer 10

Fluorescin angiography

Question 11

What is the treatment of proliferative retinopathy?

Answer 11

Laser photocoagulation

VEGF can be used to control the neovascularization in some patients

Question 12

What two eye disease present similarly with monocular vision loss?

How can they be distinguished on retinal exam?

Answer 12

Central retinal artery occlusion
Central retinal vein occlusion

CRAO: pale retina and dark macula
CRVO: blood extravasation into retina

Question 13

Ranbizumab is sometimes used for CRVO. How does it work?

Answer 13

Monoclonal antibody similar to bevacizumab

Question 14

Sudden painless, unilateral vision loss described as a “curtain coming down” = ?

Answer 14

Retinal detachment

Question 15

Bilateral visual loss in a 68 yo male which starts with loss of central vision loss = ?

Answer 15

Macular degeneration

Question 16

What is the best initial therapy for wet macular degeneration?

Answer 16

Bevacizumab (anti-VEGF)

Question 17

Itchiness and bilateral involvement is more classic of viral or bacterial conjunctivitis?

Answer 17

Viral conjunctivitis: itchy, bilateral