Master the Boards: Nephrology Flashcards
What will FeNa be in prerenal azotemia?
Low (
What will the urine osmolality be in patients with ATN and why?
It will be similar in osmolality to serum because the kidneys are damaged and cannot appropriately absorb fluids
*Also, urine sodium will be above 20
Besides ingestion of preformed Botulinism toxin, what is another means of contracting Botulinism?
Inhalation of spores from the environment (soil). The incidence of this type is highest in California, Utah, and Pennsylvania.
Glycogen Storage Disease
Hypoglycemia (provoking possible seizure), lactic acidosis, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia in a patient with protuberant abdomen due to hepatomegaly
GSD I (Von-Gierkes’ Disease)
Glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency
GSD
Hepatomegaly, “floppy baby”, macroglossia, heart failure (progressive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)
Pompe Disease (GSD II)
Acid maltase deficiency
GSD
Hypoglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hepatomegaly, elevated LFTs, ketosis, normal lactic and uric acid concentrations
GSD III: Glycogen debranching enzyme deficiency
GSD
Progressive cirrhosis of liver and failure to thrive
GSD IV
Deficiency of branching enzyme
GSD
Benign course with mild hypoglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hyperketosis but normal lactic acid and uric acid levels
Liver phosphorylase deficiency
A new conduction block in a patient with infective endocarditis should raise suspicion for what complication?
Perivalvular abscess
How may uric acid stones be evaluated with imaging?
They’re radiolucent so CT abdomen or intravenous pyelography
Alopecia (hair loss)
Abnormal taste
Bullous/pustulous lesions at body orifices
Impaired wound healing
All are signs of what vitamin/mineral deficiency?
Zinc
Deficiency of what mineral may cause cardiomyopathy?
Selenium
Patients with hypothyroidism are at increased risk of what common peripheral neuropathy?
What is the mechanism by which it occurs?
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Deposition of mucopolysaccharide complexes within the perineum and endoneurium of median nerve
What is the better method of assessing total protein urinated in a day?
Single protein to creatinine ratio
