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Massachusetts Flashcards

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1
Q

Predestination

A

The idea that God knows who will go to heaven or hell from the moment they are created.

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2
Q

Puritans

A

A member of a Christian group who sought religious reformation and total purification of English Christianity

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3
Q

When did Puritans come to the New World

A

1630

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4
Q

Who governs the Puritans

A

John Winthrop

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5
Q

John Winthrop

A

The first governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony. He served for 19 years and helped MA prosper.

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6
Q

What did the puritans want to create

A

A “city upon a hill” and a colony with common goals and extreme Christian principles

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7
Q

Pilgrims

A

Group of English who went to the New World in 1617 and founded the Plymouth Area in Dec. 1620

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8
Q

Who was the governor of the pilgrims

A

William Bradford

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9
Q

Who were the pilgrims granted a charter by

A

The Virginia Company

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10
Q

Where did the pilgrims land and what was wrong with that

A

The pilgrims landed in Cape Cod but they wanted to arrive in Virginia because of the charter

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11
Q

What is the tribe in Plymouth and who is the chief

A

Wampanoag, Massasoit

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12
Q

Squanto

A

English-speaking, helped relations with pilgrims

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13
Q

Why did the Puritans have high literacy rates

A

To read the Bible

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14
Q

When was Harvard built

A

1636

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15
Q

Examples of Puritan torture methods

A

Public humiliation, stock, pillary, ducking stool, whippings

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16
Q

What was the purpose of Harvard

A

To teach young men to be ministers

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17
Q

Separatists

A

Puritans who wanted to completely separate from the Church of England

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18
Q

Mayflower Compact

A

An agreement signed by the Pilgrims to form a crude government. It was a step towards self-government for the colonies.

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19
Q

Roger Williams

A

An extreme separatist and minister from Salem. He believed Bay Colony should separate church and state and compensate Natives. He was banished for being too extreme and he established Providence, RI.

20
Q

Anne Hutchinson

A

A woman who challenged and went against Puritanism. She held bible study in her home and was eventually banished for her views and she fled to Rhode Island and then New York. She founded Portsmouth, RI.

21
Q

Great English Migration

A

The exodus of about 70k refugees from England towards the West Indies and Massachusetts.

22
Q

What did the Natives and Puritans have disputes over

A

Land and religion

23
Q

When was the Pequot War

A

1637

24
Q

Who fought in the Pequot war

A

It was a war between Puritans and the Pequot tribe

25
Q

What happened during the Pequot War

A

New Englanders attack and kill men, women, and kids as they tried to escape. The Pequot tribe was nearly wiped out. English militiamen and the Narragansett Indians set fire to the Indian wigwams.

26
Q

When was King Philips War

A

1675-76

27
Q

Who is King Philip

A

Metacom

28
Q

Metacom

A

The son of Massasoit that set multiple English villages throughout New England on fire

29
Q

What happened during King Philip’s War

A

Metacom forged an alliance against English settlements and coordinated a series of assaults throughout New England. 52 Puritan towns were attacked and 12 were destroyed completely. This war slowed down the march of English settlement in New England for several decades.

30
Q

Who killed Metacom and what happened to his family

A

Mohawk was an English ally and he killed Metacom. Metacom’s wife and son were sold into slavery

31
Q

Dominion of New England

A

A dominion created by royal authority to bolster colonial defense in the event of war with Indians. It was designed to promote urgently needed efficiency in the administration of Navigation Laws.

32
Q

Sir Edmund Andros

A

The head of the Dominion of New England. He had an open affiliation with the Church of England. He taxed people without consent and put many restrictions on them. He was eventually expelled from New England and became the governor of Virginia.

33
Q

Navigation Acts

A

Created in 1651, these laws limited and controlled trade by removing American trade with countries not ruled by the English crown.

34
Q

Salutary neglect

A

When England told the colonies that they would stop watching over them if the colonies agreed to keep trading and making money and purchase goods from England.

35
Q

Why did England make Edmund Andros the governor of MA

A

The Puritans caused many problems so England revoked MA’s charter and wanted to make the colony under direct control of the king.

36
Q

What was the distraction that caused MA to start harassing Andros

A

Glorious Revolution

37
Q

After the Revolution, what does England tell the colonies

A

England will back off from the colonies if they continue to trade and make good money and purchase goods from England

38
Q

Who did New Netherlands employ to explore

A

Henry Hudson

39
Q

What did Henry Hudson explore

A

Delaware Bay and what is now New York

40
Q

Which town did the Dutch buy from Natives

A

Manhattan

41
Q

Why did the Dutch fail in New Amsterdam (NYC)

A

The England regarded them as intruders and kicked them out

42
Q

Peter Stuyvesant

A

Dutch officer in the New Amsterdam area

43
Q

Duke of York

A

The Duke who New York was named after

44
Q

Quakers

A

A group of dissenters whose name came from the fact that they “quaked” when under deep religious emotion. They were offensive to authorities and refused to support the Church of England.

45
Q

What was the official name of the Quakers

A

The Religious Society of Friends

46
Q

William Penn

A

A Quaker who founded Pennsylvania, also called “Penn’s Woodland.” He bought land from Indians and the colony was successful.

47
Q

When was Pennsylvania formally launched

A

1681

History (4 decks)

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