Mass Transport in Plants - Xylem Flashcards
angiosperm
flowering plant
xylem
transports water and mineral ion
phloem
transports sucrose and a.a. (PS products) in water as sap
fibre in vascular bundle
provides mechanical support
parenchyma cells
packing cells
which cells in the vascular bundle are living?
parenchyma cells
which cells are tapered in the vascular bundle?
tracheids
why are xylem vessels dead?
lignified walls are impermeable stopping exchange so cell dies and it loses its organelles
function of lignin rings
strengthens cell wall, prevnting xylem collapsing as water moves up
transpiration
the evaporation of water out the mesophyll cells to become water vapour in the air spaces, and the subsequent diffusion of the water vapour out the stomata
percentage of water taken up that is transpired
99%
what happens to the water that isn’t transpired?
it is used for photosynthesis and maintaining turgid pressure
by what process does water vapour pass out of the stomata?
diffusion
how does water move across the leaf?
evaporation of water decreases the WP so cells pull water from neibouring cells
why is so much water transpired?
- acts as a coolant
- mineral ions dissolve in water so more water brings more ions through roots
- need to keep stomata open for PS and RS