Mass transport in animals exam questions

Question 1

Give the pathway a red blood cell takes when travelling in the human
circulatory system from a kidney to the lungs.

Answer 1

• travels through renal vein
• then enters the vena cava and moves into right ventricle
• then moves from right ventricle to pulmonary artery which carries it to lungs

Question 2

Suggest two ways the student could improve the quality of his scientific
drawing of the blood vessels in this dissection.

Answer 2

• include magnification
• add labels/ annotations
• draw all parts to same scale/ relative size

Question 3

Tissue fluid is formed from blood at the arteriole end of a capillary bed.
Explain how water from tissue fluid is returned to the circulatory system

Answer 3

• plasma proteins renain blood and a lot of water is forced out
• this reduces water potential of the blood
• so water moves into the blood by osmosis
• water not absorbed by osmosis moves into the blood stream via lymphatic system

Question 4

Describe two precautions the student should take when clearing away after
the dissection

Answer 4

• disinfect instruments/ surfaces
• disinfect hands
• put organ/gloves/paper towels in a separate bag to dispose

Question 5

Explain how an arteriole can reduce the blood flow into capillaries.

Answer 5

• muscle contracts
• constricts lumen of arterioles

Question 6

Which blood vessel carries blood at lowest blood pressure ?

capillary, pulmonary vein, renal vein or vena cava

Answer 6

vena cava