Gas exchange practise questions Flashcards

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1
Q

Suggest and explain how a reduced tidal volume affects the exchange of
carbon dioxide between the blood and the alveoli.

A
  • less carbon dioxide removed from lung ( alveoli)
  • so reduced concentration gradient between blood and alveoli
  • so less movement of CO2 out of blood into alveoli
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2
Q

(c) Figure 2 shows changes in concentration of oxygen in two gas exchange
systems.

A student studied Figure 2 and concluded that the fish gas exchange
system is more efficient than the human gas exchange system.
Use Figure 2 to justify this conclusion.

A

In fish, blood leaving GE system (V) has more oxygen than water leaving (E);

(But) in humans, blood leaving (V) has less oxygen than air leaving

( 2 marks)

this shows that in fish more oxygen is obtained during gas exchange, higher rate of diffusion

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3
Q

A high concentration of particulate matter results in the death of some
alveolar epithelium cells. If alveolar epithelium cells die inside the human
body they are replaced by non-specialised, thickened tissue.
Explain why death of alveolar epithelium cells reduces gas exchange in
human lungs.

A
  • reduced surface area ( less alveoli)
  • greater diffusion distance due to thickened walls
  • both of these elements decrease rate of gas exchange
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4
Q

Describe and explain one feature of the alveolar epithelium that makes the
epithelium well adapted as a surface for gas exchange. Do not refer to
surface area or moisture in your answer.

A
  • single layer of cells
  • reduces diffusion distance

Or

  • permeable
    -to allow diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide
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