mass transport Flashcards
why do some organisms require a mass transport system
large animals have small sa to v ratio and higher metabolic rate. diffusion alone is insufficient to supply all cells w substances they need eg glucose and oxygen and remove carbon dioxide. by mass transport
how do the properties of water make it na ideal transport medium
water is a solvent because hydrogen bonds form between water molecules and solute molecules. water is liquid so has the ability to flow
how loss of water through sweating is related to water being dipole
has an uneven distribution of water. so water forms hydrogen bonds with other water molecules and a lot of heat eneegry is required to break this and allow water to evaporate
larger surface area means
large SA means large SA TO V RATIO
why does it have a heart
to supply body cells with oxygen and glucose by mass transport because a small sa:v ratio does not allow diffusion to occur at a sufficient rate
how primary structure allows something to be soluble in wayer
sequence of amino acids determined folding of polypeptide forming globular structure
hydrophobic groups in centre of protein
water forms hydrogen bonds with protein
peptide bond
formed by condensation reaction between aline group and carboxyl group
loss in mass caused by
movement of water by osmosis
why is vinegar used to make cell membrane more permeable
low ph denatures proteins
affects bonds
could dissolve lipids
whaty happens if carbohydrate contains different elemnent
shape of molecule changes so enzyme susbtrate compelx can tbe formed
circle
phosphate group
pentagon
pentose sugar
rectangle
base
why is water a good solvent
dipole
water surrounds polar molecules allowing them to dissolve
hydrogen bonds form
