Mass number and isotopes

Question 1

What are isotopes?

Answer 1

Atoms of an element that have the same number of protons and electrons but different number of neutrons

Question 2

Why do isotopes have the same chemical properties?

Answer 2

Because they have the same electron configuration

Question 3

What is atomic mass?

Answer 3

The number of protons and neutrons added together

Question 4

What is atomic number?

Answer 4

The number of protons (the same as electrons)

Question 5

What is a mass spectrometer used for?

Answer 5

It can measure the mass of molecules within an unknown substance

Question 6

What are the four steps of mass spectroscopy?

Answer 6

Ionisation, acceleration, drift and detection

Question 7

How are atoms or molecules ionised for mass spectroscopy?

Answer 7

Electron impact or electrospray

Question 8

How does electron impact ionise an atoms/molecule

Answer 8

The sample is vaporised and bombarded by high energy electrons

Question 9

What is the equation for electron impact?

Answer 9

X(g) -> X^+(g) + e^-

Question 10

What is the equation for electrospray?

Answer 10

X(g) -> XH^+(g)