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Geography Y12 - Coasts > Mass movement > Flashcards

Mass movement Flashcards

1
Q

What is mass movement?

A

The downhill movement of material under the influence of gravity.

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2
Q

What is a key fact about mass movement? What does this depend upon?

A

It can range in speed from extremely slow (1cm per year) to extremely fast dependent upon the weight of the rainwater and the weakness of the geology.

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3
Q

What is soil creep/ solifluction?

A

Individual soil particles move continuously downhill under gravity so the hillside looks stepped.

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4
Q

What is the rate of movement if soil creep/solifluction?

A

Slow

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5
Q

Is soil creep/solifluction a wet or dry process?

A

Wet or dry

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6
Q

What is mudflow?

A

The soil become densely saturated (unable to percolate deep into ground) so surface layers of fine material become fluid and flow downhill.

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7
Q

What is the rate of movement of mudflow?

A

Fast

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8
Q

Is mudflow a wet or dry process?

A

Wet

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9
Q

What is rock fall?

A

Cliffs are undercut by the sea in the intertidal zone so upper rocks become too heavy and collapse. This process is also caused by freeze thaw.

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10
Q

What is the rate of movement of rock fall?

A

Fast

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11
Q

Is rock fall a wet or dry process?

A

Wet or dry

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12
Q

What is slumping/rotational slip?

A

On cliffs where softer material lies on top of more resistant materials, sections of the cliff move downwards with a slide plane that is concave, producing a rotational movement.

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13
Q

What is the rate of movement of slumping/rotational slip?

A

Slow

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14
Q

Is slumping a wet or dry process?

A

Wet

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15
Q

What are landslides?

A

Cliffs made from softer rocks or deposited material slip when lubricated following heavy rainfall.

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16
Q

What is the rate of movement of a landslide?

A

fast

17
Q

Are landslides a wet or dry process?

A

Wet

18
Q

What is slumping/rotational slip?

A

On cliffs where softer material lies on top of more resistant material, sections of the cliff move downwards with a slide plane which is concave, producing a rotational movement.

19
Q

What is the rate of movement of slumping/rotational slip?

A

Slow

20
Q

Is slumping/rotational slip a wet or dry process?

A

Wet

21
Q

What is rock fall?

A

Cliffs are undercut by the sea or affected by mechanical weathering like freeze thaw, causing rocks to become unstable and collapse due to gravity.

22
Q

What is the rate of movement of rock fall?

A

Fast

23
Q

Is rock fall a wet or dry process?

A

Wet or dry

24
Q

How does run off affect mass movement?

A

Water from overland flow may erode the clifface and coastal area by picking up sediment which enters the littoral zone and is transported in the water via suspension

Geography Y12 - Coasts (35 decks)

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