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Sociology A2 > Mass Media Sociologists > Flashcards

Mass Media Sociologists Flashcards

1
Q

Agbetu

A 
A black person has three attributed in the media: 
Involved in :
Sports
Entertainment 
Crime
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2
Q

Bagdikan

A

In 1983 50 corporations controlled most media in the U.S.
By 1992 this dropped to 22 controlling 90%
Argues that if they were individually owned there would be 2500 owners
Instead by 2004 the U.S. media was concentrated into 7 owners

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3
Q

Ballister

A

Women’s magazines seem to present conflicting messages

- behave radically but conform to traditional values

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4
Q

Barnes

A 
Disabled people stereotypes in media:
Pitiable + pathetic 
Sinister + evil 
Super cripple 
Their own worst enemy 
A burden 
Sexually abnormal 
Incapable of competing
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5
Q

Batchelor

A

Lack of positive images of lesbian and gay teenagers in the media

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6
Q

Butler

A

Gender is not the result of nature but is socially constructed
Gender behaviour is constructed through media and culture
Gender is a performance
There are a number of exaggerated representations of masculinity and femininity which causes gender trouble

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7
Q

Bulsara

A

Three potent images of disabled people:
Pity
Dependent
Flawed

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8
Q

Batcheler

A

Gays are not integrated into the mainstream media, they are a target for teasing and bullying
Lesbianism is hardly shown

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9
Q

Curran

A

Ownership of the mass media has always been concentrated in the hands of a few powerful people
- the ‘press barons’ in the 30s - 4 men who were owned nearly 1/2 of all newspapers, local and national

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10
Q

Colliers

A

Men’s magazines are often contradictory in their representation

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11
Q

Connell

A

Feminine identity in the uk is still the product of hegemonic ideas

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12
Q

Craig

A

Homosexual stereotypes in the media

  • campness
  • Macho
  • deviant
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13
Q

Curran and seaton

A

Newspapers assume the w/c are uninterested in politics

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14
Q

Williams

A

Fewer and fewer large companies increasingly own what we see hear and read

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15
Q

Croteau and Hoynes (1997)

A

Vertical integration is when one owner acquires all aspects of production and distribution of a single type of media product
Horizontal integration is when one company buys different types of media - Virgin

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16
Q

Kennedy

A

Vertical integration means that now most film goers are watching films made by the big American studios

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17
Q

Dutton

A

4 essential parts of mass media

  • distance
  • technology
  • scale
  • commodification
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19
Q

Cumberbatch

A

Youth and beauty the main features of women in the media
2x more likely to be shown in domestic roles
Men 2x more likely to be shown in paid work

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20
Q

Duncan + messer

A

Male gaze

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21
Q

Dyer

A

Media constructs what is stereotyped as ‘gayness’ - vocal highs, expressions, walks etc
- Makes the visible the invisible

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23
Q

Easthorpe

A

The masculine myth

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24
Q

Edwards

A

The new man was simply a product of advertisement do they can sell their products to males and females

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25
Q

McCabe and Martin

A

Imitation was a likely outcome of media violence as the media often portrays such violence as heroic
Such acts are then carried out by young people as they believe that it is acceptable
This is known as the disinhibition effect

26
Q

Ferguson

A

Many magazines were like apprentice manuals to teach women domestic skills

27
Gerbner
Symbolic interactionism of gays and lesbians
28
Gill
Homosexuality represented in a sanitised way
29
Gauntlett
Increased in main female characters - 1992/3 - 18% - 1995/6 - 43%
30
Karpf
There is a need for charities, but telephones | Act to keep audience as givers whereas recipients are kept in place as grateful
31
Hall
Policing the crisis Moral panic of black muggings Labelled all young black people as muggers
32
Lipman and Lassewell
Hypodermic syringe model
33
Hakim
Erotic capital
34
Katz and Lasarfield
Two step flow model
35
Morrison
There is a difference between realistic violence and cartoonish violence
36
Morgan
Porn is the theory, rape is the practise
37
McQueen
``` Status of different age groups determined by money - adults have the most Consumer strand - children targeted Public service strand- educational tv Adult strand - watch adult tv ```
39
Narin
The monarchy is now represented with values such as niceness and decency
40
McRobbie
Studied girls magazines and drew similar conclusions to Ferguson Now women are encouraged to be assertive confident and supportive of each other
41
Newson
Exposure to violent killings etc on TV creates a drip drip effect amongst young people This results in such violence being decentralised - they begin to see such behaviour as normal and are socialised into accepting deviant behaviour
42
Peake (2004)
In 1988 there were only 4 TV channels in the UK, now there are over 250 (in 2004) Cinema multiplexes - 14 to 2000 0 web pages to billions
43
Mort
The metrosexual male
44
Newman
Upper + middle class + elderly often portrayed in tv and film as occupying high status roles, eg judges, politicians
44
Newbold
Little coverage of women's sport
45
Mulvey
Film makers employ a male gaze
46
Persons
Youth tends to be depicted as a problem in the media
47
Orbach
Links the media yo the rise in anorexia and bulimia
48
Richardson
Islamaphobia - Muslims represented negatively - rarely news casters
48
Penny
Stressed the supportive role magazines play in women's lives Successful women are depicted as having children and top managers in businesses
51
Ross
Old people object to portrayals as: Infantilisation Unrealistic + satanised Constant use of wheelchairs, white sticks and guide dogs
52
Roper
Range of images identified of disabled people but mostly negative
53
Tuchman
Women shown in sexual or domestic settings
54
Van Dijk
Moral panics of immigrants refugees and Muslims
54
Rutherford
Retributive masculinity
55
Venker
Now men are being emasculated - considered to be stupid | - feminism has gone too far
55
Whannels
David Beckham is controversial -retributive+ metrosexual
55
Watney
British news coverage of AIDS in the 80s stereotyped gay people as carriers of a gay plague
56
Wolf
Body ideals - through advertisement and print media
57
Young
Seeing the effects of violence and the pain it causes makes people less likely to commit such acts

Sociology A2 (11 decks)

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