Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Sociology A2 > Crime And Deviance Key Words > Flashcards

Crime And Deviance Key Words Flashcards

1
Q

Atrophy

A

Breaking apart slowly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

British crime survey

A

A victim survey conducted annually by a team of researchers at the home office.
Measures the amount of crime in England and Wales by asking people about crimes they have experienced in the past year

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Capitalist society

A

An economic system where the production of goods is organised for profit and sold to a free market

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Agent of social control

A

Individual or group that is responsible for ensuring members of society conform to socially accepted behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Chivalry thesis

A

The criminal justice system may be more lenient to woman

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Collective conscience

A

A term used by Durkheim to describe the core shared values of society

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Corporate crime

A

Crimes committed on behalf of and for the benefit of the organisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Collective deviance

A

Deviant behaviour of a group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Crime

A

Behaviour that breaks the law

Can also be deviant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Delinquency

A

The criminal behaviour of people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Dark figure of crime

A

A large amount of criminal activity never appears on crime statistics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Deviance

A

An action that goes against the norms and values of society

Can also be a crime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Anomie

A

A state of normlessness, where norms no longer direct behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Deviant career

A

The various stages that a person goes through on their way to being seen as and seeing themselves as, deviant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Dominant ideology

A

The mainstream set of beliefs that are held by society on which people set as the standard

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Deviance amplification

A

Deviance is increased by societal reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Formal methods of social control

A

Institutions set up to enforce social control, especially those that set up and enforce the law
Police, army

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Folk devil

A

A person or group seen as trouble makers by the media

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Hegemony

A

The norms and values of the ruling class which dominate thinking in society

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Individual deviance

A

The deviant behaviour of an individual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Informal methods of social control

A

Institutions and groups that are but directly concerned with enforcing social control but play an important part in controlling the behaviour of others
School, family

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Immediate gratification

A

Wanting rewards immediately

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Green crime

A

Crime against the environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Master status

A

People are looked at by others solely on the basis of one type of act (good or bad) they have committed
All other aspects of that person are ignored

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Illegitimate opportunity structure
A structure which provides illegal opportunities for monetary gain
27
Moral crusade
The process of creating or enforcing a rule
28
Institutional racism
Racism that is built in to the normal practises of an organisation
29
Marginalised
Those who are pushed to the edge, or margins, of society in cultural, economic or status terms
30
Moral panic
Outrage stirred up by the media about a particular group or issue
31
Multi agency intervention
A number of agencies cooperating to focus on the solution to a social problem
32
Occupational crime
Crimes committed by employees at the expense of the business
33
Moral entrepreneur
Person or group which tries to create or enforce a rule
34
Open/public deviance
Deviance committed in public which is not concealed from wider society
35
Police recorded crime
Crimes recorded by the police from which official statistics on crime are drawn
36
Non-utilitarian crime
Crime that is not committed to gain money, eg vandalism, graffiti
37
Night time economy
A leisure industry has developed at nights in certain parts of the inner cities, providing the location of many offenders
40
Repeat victimisation
People are victims of the same crime more than once
41
Relative deprivation
The way so called deprivation is seen or perceived by those experiencing it. This is usually done by comparing their situation to others
42
Recorded crime
Crime that is recorded by the police | Not all reported crime is recorded
43
Prosecution
Conduct of legal proceedings against a defendant of criminal behaviour
44
Peer group pressure
A group of a persons own age who are important to them and often influence then to behave in a particular way
45
Self report study
A survey in which respondents report on the offences they have committed over a period of time
46
Reported crime
Crime that is reported to the police | Not all crime is reported
47
Situational deviance
Behaviour which may be seen as deviant in one situation but not in another
48
Social control
Methods of controlling people's behaviour, encouraging them to conform to societies norms and values and discourage deviant and criminal behaviour
49
Scapegoat
Groups in society (usually relatively powerless) who are blamed by the powerful for the problems of society, thus drawing attention away fir the real cause of crime
50
State crime
Crimes committed by or on behalf of the state
51
Secret/private deviance
Deviance conducted in private which is often conceded from wider society
52
Social cohesion
The extent to which a society is held together by shared culture and norms
53
Primary deviance
The act if deviance itself
54
Secondary deviance
The response to an act of deviance and what it causes | - Inuits
55
Status frustration
Dissatisfaction and frustration with the status and respect given by others
56
Stigmatised
Labelled in a negative way
57
Subculture
Distinctive norms and values shared by a group in society that differ from the values of mainstream society
58
Societal deviance
Behaviour which is seen as deviant by most members if society
58
Subterranean values
Values which are only expressed in particular situations
58
Social integration
The extent to which people feel they belong to a society or social group
58
Symbolic interactionism
A theory derived from social psychology which argues that people exist in a social world based on symbols that people interpret and respond to
59
Target hardening
Reducing the physical opportunities for crime by gardening the targets of crime, eg more secure buildings
60
Techniques of neutralisation
Techniques which neutralise the blame for actions which are defined as wrong or unacceptable by society's norms and values
61
Transnational crime
Crimes that cross national borders
62
Transnational organised crime
Transnational crime that involves an organised group
63
Victim study/survey
A study of the victims of crime, usually asking people to report the crimes that have been committed against them, or any other member of the household I'm the previous year
63
Tipping
An area goes from generally law abiding to accepting antisocial behaviour
64
White collar crime
Crimes committed by someone while at work, often against the company, eg stealing
65
Self-fulfilling prophecy
When someone is labelled as deviant or criminal they the become deviant or criminal
66
Altruistic suicide
Suicide that occurs when an individual is so strongly integrated into society they take their own life out of a sense of duty
67
Fatalistic suicide
Suicide that occurs when individuals are so strongly regulated that they can see no way out of their situation other than suicide
68
Egoistic suicide
Suicide that occurs when there is little integration in society, when the ties that bind individuals into social groups are very weak
69
Anomie suicide
Suicide that results from a lack of regulation of people's desires and expectations
70
Institutional racism
Racism that is built into the normal practices of an organisation
71
Macpherson inquiry
Sir William Macpherson led an inquiry into the events surrounding the murder of Stephen Lawrence by white racists, and the subsequent police investigation that followed
72
Cyber crime
Illegal acts using the internet
73
Genocide
Mass killing

Sociology A2 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions