Marriage and family Flashcards
Family
A social unit characterized by economic cooperation, management of reproduction and child rearing, common residence
Marriage
Social approved and legitimate union which regulates seuxal and economic rights and obligations
Functions of marriage and family
- Creation of relatively stable relationships between men and women
- mechanism for regulation of sexual division of labor
- Creates set of relationships required for children to reach adulthood
incest Taboo
Prohibition of sexual intimacy between people defined as close relatives
Explanation of incest taboo
- natural aversion theory
- inbreeding theory
- Family disruption theory
- Theory of expanding social alliances
Mate selection
- Exogamy
- endogamy
- arranged marriages
- preferential cousin marriage
- cross-cousins
- Parallel cousins
- Levirate
- Sororate
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Exogamy
a rule requiring marriage outside of ones own social/kinship group
Endogamy
A rule requiring marriage within a specified social or kinship group
Cross cousin mate selectino
Children of ones mother´s brother or father´s sister
Parallel cousins in mate selection
Children of one´s mother´s sister or father´s brother
Levirate
practice of a man marrying the widow of a deceased brother
Sororate
Practice of a women marrying the husband of her deceased sister
Number of spouses
- Monogamy
- Polygyny
- polyandry
- Serial Monogamy
Monogamy
- Marriage in which an individual has a single spouse
- most common form around the world
Plygyny
- The marriage custom of a man having several wives at the same time; a form of polygamy
- 7/10 societies permit polygyny
Polyandry
- the marriage custom of a women having several husbands at one time
- rarest form of plural marriage (only 12 societies practice this)
Serial monogamy
A marriage form in which a man or woman marries or lives with a series of partners in succession
Economic consideration of marriage
- Bride price (Bride Wealth)
- Bride service
- Dowry
- Women exchange
- reciprocal exchange
Residence patterns
- patrilocal
- Matrilocal
- Avunculocal
- Ambilocal
- Neolocal
Family
A social unit characterized by economic cooperation, management of reproduction and child rearing, common residence
Houshold
Residential units within which economic production, consumption, inheritance, childrearing, and shelter is organized.
Functions of household and family
- Nurturance of children
- Facilitation of economic cooperation between sexes
- Emotional support
- Support during times of stress
- Organizational unit for important subsistence and social activities
Basic forms of Family
- Nuclear families
- Extended families
Nuclear family
- A family unit consisting of husband, wife, and dependent children
- Expect in a society where family is cut off from support from other family members and must fend for themselves
Extended family
- A collection of nuclear families, related by ties of blood, that live together in one household
- usually found where subsistence patterns require a larger labor pool than other forms of houlsehold (i.e. nuclear family ) can provide
