Chapter 1 Flashcards
Anthropology is derived from a greek word meaning?
Anthropos : Human Logos: Study
What are the subfields of Anthropology ?
Physical (biological) anthropology Archaeology Linguistical Anthropology Medical Anthropology Applied Anthropology Cultural (sociocultural) Anthropology
What is Biological Anthropology
Attempts to understand what it means to be human from a biological and evolutionary perspective
Research techniques fro Biological anthropology? Anthropomentry?
Measurement of human body parts
Research techniques fro Biological anthropology? Osteology?
The study of the skeleton
Research techniques fro Biological anthropology? Genetics
Study of gene structure, actions, and patterns of inheritance
Whats is Archaeology?
Study of lifeways of people from teh past through retrieval and analyzing the material remains of the past cultures
Whats is linguestical Anthropology?
A branch in anthropology which is particularly concerned with language and how different sorts of communication are related to other aspects of culture
5 Areas of linguestical anthropology research
- Biological nature of language
- historical linguistics: study of language over time
- descriptive linguistics: description of languages
- Ethnolinguistic: relationship between lnaguage and culture
- Socilinguistics: relationship between language and social relationships
What is Medical Anthropolgy?
Study of the biological and cultural factors that effect health, disease and sickness
What is applied anthropolgy ?
Application of anthropological knowledge, theory, and methods to the solution of specific societal problems
What is Cultural anthropology?
The scientific study of cultural similarities and differences wherever and whatever form they may take. Study of contemporary cultures The attempt to understand the general underlying patterns of all human cultures
Ethnography
description of a particular contgemporary culture by means of direct fieldwork
Ethnology
comparative study of cultures by looking for similiarites and differences Primaary objective is to uncover general cultural principles and rules that govern human behavior
what is the shared theoretical concepts in all 6 areas of anthropology?
- Emphasis on culture
- Emphasis on systems
- Holistic perspective
- Comparative method
- Scientific Approach
What is culture? (not the definition)
Everything that people have, think and do as a member of a society. Culture is transmitted by learning Culture is largely responsible for human behavior
What is a society?
a group of people who occupy a specific locality, share common cultural traditioins and cooperate for their mutual survival
What is holism?
Viewing a question from the broadest possible perspective Looking for multiple variables to explain the observed phenomenon
whats is a system?
a group of interrelated and interdependent parts forming a whole
what is the Compartive approach?
Comparing similiar things in different groups to look for similiarities and differences
what is science?
An organized and specific way of asking and trying to answer questions about and understanding the natural world
what is Empirical?
Relying upon or gained from experience or direct observation.
observation diagram to form a theory?
observation - data collection - hypothesis - test- test- test- conclusion - theory
what are the 5 characteristics of science?
creative critical self correcting rejects supernatural explanations for natural phenomenon dynamic
Ethnocentrisim
Belief that ones culture is superior in every way to all others
Culture-bound assumptions
Theories about the world and reality based on the assumptions and values of ones own culture
