March

Question 1

Indications for rapid renal dialysis?

Answer 1

AEIOU

Acidosis <7.2
Electrolyte imbalance K+>7
Intoxications (poisons)
Overload (pulm edema)
Uraemia

Question 2

Symptoms of uraemia?

Answer 2

Confusion, reduced GCS
Pericarditis (chest pain, fever)
Lethargy
Weight loss
Peripheral neuropathy
Puritis

Question 3

If a patient’s hypertension gets worse after giving ACEi, what should you think about?

Answer 3

Renovascular disease

Question 4

Features of nephritic and nephrotic syndromes

Answer 4

Both have edema

Nephritic has more haematuria, hypertension and AKI (some proteinuria)

Nephrotic has more proteinuria, hypoalbuminaemia, dyslipidaemia,

Question 5

Describe complications of post-op renal transplant

Answer 5

Post-op comlications - bleeding, infection, anastamotic leak

Hyper-acute rejection (mins) - ABO incompatibility, thrombosis, SIRS

Acute rejection (6 months) - rising Crt, fever, pain, (cell-mediated response) [immunsx works]

Chronic rejection (>6 months) - fibrosis and atrophy of graft (gradual rise in Crt + proteinuria) [immunsx not effective]