March 25 Flashcards
What is autophagy?
It is when cell destroys excess mass, recycles stuff
Cells ____their mass before dividing
Double
What does TOR protein stand for? What is its primary function?
Target of rapamycin. It regulates cell growth
What does rapamycin bind to for what gain of function?
It doesn’t do anything to cell, but when it binds to FKBP12, then inhibits cell growth
What do transplate rejection and cancer have in common
Undesirable cell growth and proliferation
What domains do TOR proteins have, what used for?
HEAT Repeats for protein-protein interactions
FAT domains
Kinase domain with N and C lobes,, there is FRB (FKBP12 Rapamycin Binding) domain part of the N lobe. Then FAT-C that is just another domain C-terminal to the FAT domain.
When you reduce the amount of TOR in flies, what happens when looking under a microscope?
Have smaller cells, so smaller organism.
TOR 1 and 2 complexes, which does what, and which are sensitive to rapamycin?
TOR1 is when cell grows, rapamycin sensitive.
TOR2 is where cell grows, controls actin polarization, and not rapamycin sensitive.
What are 4 core components of mTORC1?
Have core made by mTOR and LST8
Regulatory-associated protein of TOR (RAPTOR)
Proline-rich AKT substrate 40 kDA (PRAS40).
DEP-domain-containing mTOR interacting protien (DEPTOR)
Is mTORC1 phosphorylated on activation loop or is it always active? What further activates it?
It is always active, but further activated by the GTPase Rheb
Is mTORC2 still able to PO4 substrates when treated with rapamycin? What makes up the complex?
Like complex 1, it has mTOR and LST8 core and DEPTOR. It then has RICTOR instead of RAPTOR, and PROCTOR that associates with RICTOR
The 2 main substrates of mTORC1 are what? What do substrates do?
S6 Kinase 1 (S6K1) and 4EBP1. The S6 kinase will PO4 ribosomal protein. 4EBP1 when PO4’d it will unbind eIF4E (initation factor)
What does autophagosome do?
It engulfs organelles, then fuses with lysosome to degrade them.
