Manipulating Biological Organisms

Question 1

Stages of genetic engineering for insulin in bacteria (+viruses thing)

Answer 1

1)Isolate the insulin gene from human DNA using restriction enzymes, forming sticky ends.
2)Use the same restriction enzymes to cut open a bacterial plasmid, forming complementary sticky ends.
3)Insert the the insulin gene into the plasmid using the enzyme DNA ligase, to form a recombinant plasmid.
4)Insert the recombinant plasmid into the host bacteria.
5)Let the bacteria divide and then produce the insulin protein.

Genes can be put into viruses that can then transfer the genes to cells in organisms like pigs

Question 2

Transgenic definition

Answer 2

Transgenic refers to an organism or cell whose genome has been altered by the introduction of one or more foreign DNA sequences from another species by artificial means. Transgenic organisms are generated in the laboratory for research purposes.

Question 3

Recombinant plasmid definition

Answer 3

A recombinant plasmid is a plasmid into which a foreign DNA fragment or gene has been inserted