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Yachtmaster / Day Skipper > Maneuvres + Drills > Flashcards

Maneuvres + Drills Flashcards

1
Q

Give the anchoring site checklist (8)

A
  1. Shelter enough for current and forecast wind?
  2. Is anchoring allowed on the chart?
  3. Is the holding good?
  4. Enough room for tidal swing without clashing with boats/shallows?
  5. Out of shipping channels and tidal streams?
  6. Is there a valley that could funnel strong winds?
  7. Could the anchorage be left safely in the dark?
  8. Is it close to a landing place?
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2
Q

Fire (5)

A
  1. Yell “Fire” to the crew
  2. Ask the cockpit crew to turn off the gas bottle
  3. Pull down the two tabs on the fire blanket
  4. Wrap the blanket over your hands to protect knuckles
  5. Hold blanket in front of you: Place the blanket over burning material.
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3
Q

Liferaft: Steps for boarding (9)

A
  1. Keep dry
  2. Heaviest boards first
  3. Steam drogue (wind-sock like thing)
  4. Bail out water
  5. Close canopy and check for leaks
  6. Give everyone seasickness pill
  7. Read the survival handbook
  8. Do NOT drink water for 24 hours unless bleeding- Never drink seawater or urine
  9. Assign roles to everyone and stay strong, stay confident!
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4
Q

Helicopter rescue, what are the steps?

A
  1. Helicopter approaches from the port side
  2. Rope line + Weight lowered onto port deck
  3. Crew 1, with gloves, grabs the line and haul it in steadily
  4. Crew 2 flakes the line into a bucket so it can be released later - DO NOT TIE TO BOAT
  5. Helicrewman lowered and then pulled on board by Crew 1.
  6. The Helicrewman will take charge.
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5
Q

Flares:

When to fire:

  • Vertically?
  • 15 degrees?
  • 45 degrees?
A
  • Little wind, no cloud
  • Wind, fire downwind
  • Low cloud coverage
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6
Q

Flares:

When to use orange smoke?

A

In the day, especially in bright conditions.

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7
Q

MAN OVERBOARD (Sail and Power)? (7)

A
  1. WATCH man and shout “Man Overboard”
  2. One crew member keeps pointing at the man
  3. Throw lifebelt
  4. Calm down and crash tack (Haul both sheets)
  5. Back foresail and loosen mainsail (Heave to)
  6. Furl foresail, start engine, heave mainsheet, head away from the wind.
  7. Gentle jibe, spill wind from mainsail
  8. Approach windward side of MOB.
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8
Q

MAN OVERBOARD (Sail only)? (7)

A
  1. WATCH man and shout “Man Overboard”
  2. One crew member keeps pointing at the man
  3. Throw lifebelt
  4. Calm down and bring the wind to 40 degrees aft.
  5. Keep an eye on the man then tack.
  6. Furl foresail while close-reaching.
  7. Spill and fill mainsail, keeping slow speed.
  8. Approach windward side of MOB.
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9
Q

MAN OVERBOARD (Power only)?

A

Williamson Turn

  1. Note heading
  2. Wheel hard to starboard
  3. Once at 60 degrees from the heading, wheel hard to port.
  4. Reduce speed and stop turning after 180 degrees
  5. Steer towards MOB.
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10
Q

What is “filling” and “spilling” the sail?

A

Letting the sail become taut by the wind and flappy by the wind.

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11
Q

What side should the life raft be dispatched in case of a fire?

A

Windward side

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12
Q

Avoiding Collisions: Rule 19

What are two things you MUST NOT DO if you think a collision with a vessel is likely?

A

RULE 19 (d)

  • Do not turn to port if the other vessel is ahead of the beam.
  • Do not turn towards the vessel if it is behind or 90 degrees to the beam of the boat.
  • Rule of low-visibility situation.
  • If you have radar, use it! Take action!
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13
Q

Avoiding Collisions: Rule 18

What is the “hierarchy” of vessels’ right of way?

A
  1. A vessel not under command
  2. A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre
  3. A vessel engaged in fishing
  4. A sailing vessel
  5. An unrestricted motor vessel
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14
Q

Avoiding Collisions: Rule 18

What does “not under command” mean?

A

A vessel that cannot obey the rules due to technical difficulties (Signified by two black spheres ), e.g:
-High-sided vessels passing through narrow space with high winds.

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15
Q

Avoiding Collisions: Rule 18

What signifies a vessel is “not under command”?

A

Two black spheres hoisted

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16
Q

Avoiding Collisions: Rule 17:

Whose responsibility is it to manoeuvre when there is a perpendicular risk of collision?

A

The vessel who can see the other vessel on their starboard side.
-Action: Slow down and/or turn to starboard to pass behind the other vessel.

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17
Q

Avoiding Collisions: Rule 17:

What must the vessel who can see the other vessel on their port side do, in a perpendicular risk of collision?

A

Maintain their speed and course, but:

  • If the other vessel doesn’t show signs of making way, turn to starboard.
  • DO NOT turn to port.
18
Q

Avoiding Collisions: Rule 14:

What must happen when two boats are heading straight towards each other?

A

Both change their course to starboard a bit.

-If unsure about this situation, assume it is happening.

19
Q

Avoiding Collisions: Rule 14:

How can you tell if a boat is heading towards you at night?

A
  • You can see both their sidelights

- Their masthead lights are aligned/nearly aligned.

20
Q

Avoiding Collisions: Rule 13:

What is the “overtake sector”?

A

When being overtaken, it is a sector 25-155 degrees aft of your beam, where a boat is considered to be overtaking.

21
Q

Avoiding Collisions:

What are the three types of vessel “encounters”?

A

Overtaking Situation (Shown: Being overtook)
-Other boat: 25-155 degrees aft of starboard beam.
Headon Situation
-Other boat: ~70-110 degrees forward of your beam.
Crossing situation (Shown: other boat to starboard)
-Other boat: within 25 degrees of starboard beam.

22
Q

Avoiding Collisions: Rule 12:
You’re approaching a sailing vessel, you have the wind on your port side, the other has it on the starboard side- who gives way?

A

You give way.

-A sailing boat with portside wind gives way.

23
Q

Avoiding Collisions: Rule 12:
You’re approaching a sailing vessel upwind from you, you have the wind on your port side, the other has it on the port side too- who gives way?

A

They give way.

-When two sailing vessels have the wind on the same side, the windward vessel gives way.

24
Q

Avoiding Collisions: Rule 12:
You’re approaching a sailing vessel who’s windward to you. You have the wind on you portside, you cannot see which side the other vessel has its wind on. What do you do?

A

Give way
-If you cannot tell whether to give way or not, give way. –You cannot tell if this vessel needs to give you way or you need to give it way.

25
Q

Avoiding Collisions: Rule 10:

What should be done regarding “traffic separation schemes”?

A

If not using:

  • Avoid with as large a margin as possible
  • Cross at 90 degrees (regardless of how tide affects course).
26
Q

Avoiding Collisions: Rule 9:

Narrow channels: What side do you keep to?

A

As far to starboard as possible

27
Q

Avoiding Collisions: Rule 9:

Narrow channels: What must boats under 20m do?

A
  • MUST NOT Impede the passage of a larger vessel through the channel.
  • Should not anchor, unless it is completely necessary.
  • Should take caution and care when approaching a bend.
28
Q

Avoiding Collisions: Rule 5 and 7:

What must all vessels do?

A
  • Maintain a proper lookout (Sight/Hearing +- radar).

- Determine the risk of collision using all means available.

29
Q

Starting the Engine (8)

A

1- Check the battery is on
2- Check there are no lines in the water that can foul the propeller.
3- Put the gear lever into neutral (May require a small amount of throttle in smaller boats).
4- Press power - the alarm indicators will light (OIL, TEMP, ALTERNATOR).
5- Hold the ‘Glow’ switch for 10+ seconds.
6- Press start while glow is pressed.
7- Release the glow switch when the engine starts.
8- Check water is coming from the exhaust.

30
Q

Beaufort Scale:

What is the wind speed in a force 1 breeze and what must craft do?

A

1-3kn - Light Airs

  • Powerboats can fast plane.
  • Sailboats can drift.
31
Q

Beaufort Scale:

What is the wind speed in a force 2 breeze and what must craft do?

A

4-6kn - Light Breeze

  • Powerboats can fast plane.
  • Sailboats can use full sail.
32
Q

Beaufort Scale:

What is the wind speed in a force 3 breeze and what must craft do?

A

7-10kn - Gentle Breeze

  • Powerboats can fast plane
  • Sailboats can use full sail.
33
Q

Beaufort Scale:

What is the wind speed in a force 4 breeze and what must craft do?

A

10-16kn - Moderate Breeze

  • Powerboats must slow down if the wind is against the tide.
  • Sailboats should consider reefing the main and reduce foresail.
34
Q

Beaufort Scale:

What is the wind speed in a force 5 breeze and what must craft do?

A

17-21kn - Fresh Breeze

  • Powerboats must reduce speed upwind
  • Sailboats should reef the mainsail.
35
Q

Beaufort Scale:

What is the wind speed in a force 6 breeze and what must craft do?

A

22-27kn - Strong Breeze

  • Powerboats must slow down to displacement speed.
  • Sailboats should reef mainsail further and reduce foresail.
36
Q

Beaufort Scale:

What is the wind speed in a force 7 breeze and what must craft do?

A

28-33kn - Near Gale

  • Powerboats must go displacement speed with head into waves.
  • Sailboats should deeply reef main and have a storm jib.
37
Q

Beaufort Scale:

What is the wind speed in a force 8 breeze and what must craft do?

A

34-40kn - Gale

  • Powerboats should stay at home/in port.
  • Sailboats should have deeply reefed main/storm trysail and a storm jib.
38
Q

Beaufort Scale:

What is the wind speed in a force 9 breeze and what must craft do?

A

41-47kn - Severe Gale

-No boats should be out, really, especially not day skippers!

39
Q

Give an example of a fog checklist:

A
  1. Hoist radar reflector + switch on low navigation lights.
  2. Sound a foghorn every 2 minutes (1 long for power, 1 long and 2 shorts for sail)
  3. All crew must be on deck with a life jacket and warm clothing.
  4. Switch on VHF to port operations to listen for commercial shipping.
  5. Set a radar watch if an experienced operator is aboard.
  6. Check the boat’s position- Consider getting out of big ship channels.
  7. When clear of danger, prepare a pilotage plan for entering a harbour.
40
Q

Hoisting the mainsail: What lines need to be adjusted and in what order?

A

Steer into the wind with one crew ahead of shrouds and then:
1: Main Halyard needs to be un-bent if it has been bent.

2: Kicker released
3: Mainsheet released and sail let out to flap
4: Main Halyard: 2 Turns on the winch and heaved, then winched until luff is tight. Shutter put on
5: Mainsheet winched into appropriate trim
6: Kicker winched in so the boom is ~parralel with the hull.

Yachtmaster / Day Skipper (7 decks)

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